Evaluation einer deutschen Version des Fett-Präferenz-Fragebogens (Fat Preference Questionnaire^{© [*]})

Zusammenfassung

Menschen unterscheiden sich aus gustatori-schen und verhaltensassoziierten Gründen in ihrer Fett-Präferenz, welche die Nahrungsaus-wahl und die Energieaufnahme beeinflusst und sich dadurch auch auf das Körpergewicht auswirken kann. In dieser Studie wurde eine deutschsprachige Version des Fett-Präferenz-Fragebogens (Fat Preference Questionnaire, FPQ^©) und dessen externe Validität anhand von Ernährungstagebüchern sowie Fragebögen zum Essverhalten evaluiert. Der FPQ^© besteht aus drei Skalen und erhebt bei 19 fettreichen bzw. fettreduzierten Lebensmitteln, wie viel Prozent der fettreichen Variante geschmacklich bevorzugt (GESCHMACK) und häufiger verzehrt werden (HÄUFIGKEIT). Die Differenz der beiden Skalen ist ein Maß für gezügeltes Essverhalten (DIFFERENZ). Die externe Validität belegen positive Korrelationen von GESCHMACK bzw. HÄUFIGKEIT sowie eine negative Korrelation der DIFFERENZ mit dem tatsächlichen Fettgehalt der aufgenommenen Nahrung. Die Parameter „kognitive Kontrolle” und „gezügeltes Essverhalten” korrelieren positiv mit der DIFFERENZ. Der FPQ^© ist eine schnelle, zuverlässige Methode zur Erfassung der Fett-Präferenz, der Rückschlüsse auf gezügeltes Essverhalten ermöglicht.

Summary

Due to gustatory and behavioural reasons, humans differ in their fat preference which influences the individual food choice and energy intake and can affect body weight. In the present study a German version of the Fat Preference Questionnaire (FPQ^©) and its external variability were evaluated, using food diaries and questionnaires on eating behaviour. Among 19 pairs of regular- and reduced-fat foods, the three scales of the FPQ^© measure the percentage of how much regular-fat foods tastes better (TASTE) and how much of these regular-fat foods are consumed more frequently (FREQ). The difference between TASTE and FREQ is calculated for the third scale (DIFF), reflecting dietary restraint. External validity was shown by positive correlations of TASTE and FREQ and a negative correlation of DIFF with the fat content of the food diaries. The parameters “cognitive control” and “dietary restraint” of additional questionnaires were positively correlating with the DIFF-scale. The FPQ^© is a fast, reliable, valid and simple method to measure the individual fat preference and to draw conclusions about the individual manifestation of dietary restraint.

Schlüsselwörter

Fett - Fett-Präferenz - Essverhalten - Adipositas

Keywords

Fat - fat preference - eating behaviour - obesity

^{* ©}Copyright der englischen Ausgabe des Fett-Präferenz-Fragebogens: The Laboratory for the Study of Human Ingestive Behavior, Penn State University, PA, USA

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