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Arthritis und Rheuma 2015; 35(05): 289-295
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1618385
Komplementäre Heilverfahren in der Rheumatologie
Schattauer GmbH

Mind-Body-Verfahren in der Rheumatologie

Mind-body therapies for rheumatic diseases
R. Lauche
1   Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
2   Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
,
A. Michalsen
3   Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Stiftungsprofessur für klinische Naturheilkunde; Institut für Sozialmedizin, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsökonomie
4   Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Abteilung und Zentrum für Naturheilkunde, Klinik für Innere Medizin
,
H. Cramer
1   Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
2   Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
› Institutsangaben
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
22. Dezember 2017 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die Mind-Body-Medizin zielt darauf ab, gesundheitsförderliche Potenziale, die jedem Menschen innewohnen, zu stärken, und den Menschen zu unterstützen, einen gesundheitsförderlichen Lebensstil zu entwickeln. Eines der Hauptgebiete der Mind-Body- Medizin ist dabei die Stärkung der Stress resistenz. Dazu werden geistigseelische Verfahren, z. B. Meditation, aber auch körpe rbetonte Verfahren wie Yoga, Tai-Chi und Qigong eingesetzt. In dem vorliegenden Artikel soll dabei insbesondere auf den Einsatz in der Orthopädie und Rheumatologie eingegangen werden. Dazu wurde die vorliegende Evidenz aufgearbeitet und die folgenden Empfehlungen erarbeitet. Achtsamkeitsbasierte Verfahren wie die Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction eignen sich dabei vor allem für Patienten, die neben chronischen Schmerzen auch ko-morbid unter psychosozialen Beeinträchtigungen leiden (z. B. Depressionen), oder die eine zusätzliche Unterstützung im Bereich von Schmerzakzeptanz und Coping benötigen. Yoga, Tai-Chi und Qigong sind insbesondere für chronische Nacken- und Rückenschmerzen sehr gut untersucht und können dort ohne Einschränkung empfohlen werden. Anhand der bisherigen Studien kann auch angenommen werden, dass sich diese Verfahren zur komplementären Behandlung der Fibromyalgie, Gonarthrose und rheumatoiden Arthritis eignen, jedoch bedarf es noch weiterer Studien, um eine endgültige Einschätzung vornehmen zu können. Nicht zuletzt haben sich die Verfahren in der Regel als sicher herausgestellt, und bei entsprechender Qualifizierung der Therapeuten kann ein positiver Nutzen erwartet werden.

Summary

Mind body medicine aims at increasing the ability of the organism to self-regulate and its ability to heal itself by supporting a health promoting lifestyle. The main focus of mind body medicine is the development of so-called stress hardiness, and different techniques such as mindfulness, meditation, yoga, tai chi or qigong are applied. Aim of this overview was to summarize the evidence of mind body medicine interventions in orthopedics and rheumatology, and to give recommendations based on the available evidence. Mindfulness-based techniques such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction may be beneficial for pain patients, especially for those suffering from comorbid psychosocial disorders such as depression. They may also increase pain acceptance and adaptive coping behavior. The efficacy of yoga,tai chi and qigong has been shown for chronic neck and low back pain and can be strongly recommended. Given some positive evidence for fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis of the knee and rheumatoid arthritis, they can preliminarily be recommended, however more studies are necessary for conclusive judgement. Since mind body techniques appear to be safe, patients can expect some benefit from those therapies if taught by qualified and experienced instructors.

Schlüsselwörter

Komplementärmedizin - Mind-Body-Verfahren - chronischer Schmerz - Rheuma

Keywords

Complementary therapies - mind body therapies - chronic pain - rheumatic diseases
 

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