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Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2010; 38(05): 297-304
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1621618
Übersichtsartikel
Schattauer GmbH

Störungen der Zitzenkondition als Risikofaktor für die Entstehung von Mastitiden

Impaired teat condition as a risk factor for mastitis
H. Haverkamp
,
V. Krömker
Further Information

Publication History

Eingegangen: 27 May 2010

Akzeptiert nach Revision: 19 July 2010

Publication Date:
08 January 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung:

In der wissenschaftlichen Literatur lassen sich Hinweise auf Zusammenhänge zwischen Zitzenkondition und Eutergesundheit finden. Besonders für akute Zitzenkonditionsstörungen ist jedoch der Nachweis einer logischen Kausalkette schwierig, da Mastitiden eine multifaktorielle Genese besitzen. In den hier vorwiegend dargestellten Feldstudien kann der Einfluss anderer Faktoren auf den Gesundheitszustand der Milchdrüse nicht ausgeschlossen werden. Dennoch erscheint es nachvollziehbar, dass Störungen der Mikrozirkulation die lokale Abwehr negativ beeinflussen, indem sie die Rekrutierung von Abwehrzellen behindern, den Verschluss des Zitzenkanals verzögern oder den Ausmelkgrad der Drüsenviertel verschlechtern. Longitudinalstudien, die im Hinblick auf die wesentlichen Einflussgrößen standardisiert sind, verfügen über mehr Aussagekraft. Das Mastitisrisiko für ein Drüsenviertel ist erhöht, wenn die Zitze einer schlechteren Hyperkeratoseklasse zugeordnet werden kann. Solche Zitzen lassen sich schwerer reinigen, begünstigen die Besiedlung mit euterpathogenen Mikroorganismen und weisen einen verzögerten Zitzenkanalschluss auf. Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht in Form einer Literaturübersicht den Kenntnisstand zur Bedeutung einer gestörten Integrität der Zitzenkanalschleimhaut, des Zitzengewebes oder der Zitzenhaut auf die Entstehung von Mastitiden zu beschreiben.

Summary:

Current literature contains references showing a connection between teat condition and udder-health variables. Unfortunately, for acute teat condition problems it is difficult to prove a causal chain as mastitis is dependent on a number of factors and causes. Even if the other influences on the teat condition could not be excluded within these field studies, which are predominantly represented in this article, it appears logical that the disturbance of the microcirculation has a negative influence on immune cell recruitment, decelerates teat canal closure and increases the amount of strip milk in the quarter after milking. Longitudinal studies are more significant than cross-sectional studies in terms of influencing variables and are therefore more reliable. Quarters of cows with teats classified as displaying severe hyperkeratosis have an increased risk of mastitis. These teats are more difficult to clean, promote colonization by bacteria and negatively influence the ability of the teat canal to close after milking. This paper attempts to describe the state of knowledge on the impact of a disturbed integrity of the teat canal mucosa, the teat tissue and the teat skin on the development of mastitis.

Schlüsselwörter:

Mastitis - Melktechnik - Hyperkeratose - lokale Abwehr

Key words:

Mastitis - milking technique - hyperkeratosis - local defense mechanisms
 

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