Vorkommen von Antikörpern gegen das bovine Immunschwächevirus bei Rindern in Bayern

Zusammenfassung

Im Rahmen einer epidemiologischen Untersuchung zur Infektion mit dem bovinen Immunschwächevirus (BIV) bei Rindern in Oberbayern erfolgten zwei Studien, in denen Serum mittels indirektem ELISA auf BIV-Antikörper untersucht wurde. Die ELISA-Ergebnisse der BIV-positiven Tiere der Studie I wurden mittels Western Blot bestätigt. In Studie I wurde Blut von 173 ungezielt ausgewählten Rinderpatienten der II. Medizinischen Tierklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München untersucht. Von diesen waren acht Tiere BIV-infiziert. Das entspricht einer Prävalenz von 4,6%. Alle positiven Tiere waren über zwei Monate alt. In Studie II wurden 550 Kühe aus 11 oberbayerischen landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben untersucht. Hiervon waren 11 Tiere BIVAntikör-perpositiv. Dies entspricht einer Prävalenz von 2,0%. Die positiven Tiere stammten aus fünf Betrieben mit Boxenlaufstallhaltung. Kein Tier aus Betrieben mit Anbindehaltung war positiv. In Studie II lag das Durchschnittsalter der Kühe aus den Betrieben ohne BIV-infizierte Tiere signifikant höher als in den Betrieben mit BIV-infizierten Tieren. Die Prävalenz von BIV-Antikörpern war zwar unter den kranken Probanden aus Studie I signifikant höher als bei den klinisch unauffälligen Rindern der Studie II, die pathogene Bedeutung des BIV erscheint jedoch fraglich.

Summary

In this study, an epidemiological survey on bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) infection in Bavaria was performed. The survey was separated into two studies, in which serum was tested for the presence of antibodies against BIV using an indirect ELISA. The BIV ELISA results of the positive animals from the first study were confirmed by Western blot. In study I, blood of 173 cattle suffering from various illnesses was tested, that had been referred to the II. Medical Animal Clinic of the University of Munich. Of these 173 patients, eight were positive, which corresponds to a prevalence of 4.6%. All positive animals were older than two months. In study II, a total of 550 cows from 11 different farms were investigated. Eleven were identified as BIV antibody-positive, which is 2.0% of the investigated population. All positive animals originated from five farms with loose housing. No positive animals were found in farms with tiestalls. In study II, the average age of the cattle was significantly higher in farms without BIV-antibody-positive animals than in farms with BIV-antibody-positive animals. Even though prevalence of BIV antibodies was significantly higher among sick patients (study I) than in healthy animals (study II), the importance of BIV as pathogenic agent remains unclear.

Schlüsselwörter

bovines Inmmunschwächevirus - BIV - Antikörper - Prävalenz - Rind

Keywords

Bovine immunodeficiency virus - BIV - Antibodies - Prevalence - Cattle

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