Messung der Körpertemperatur bei Milchkühen – Methoden und Einflussfaktoren

Zusammenfassung

In Monitoring-Programmen für frühpuerperale Milchkühe spielt die Messung der Körpertemperatur eine herausragende Rolle. Eine erhöhte Körpertemperatur ist weiterhin Teil der international anerkannten Definition der puerperalen Metritis, einer klassischen Erkrankung des Frühpuerperiums. In vielen internationalen Untersuchungen dient die Körpertemperatur als wichtiges Entscheidungskriterium für eine antibiotische Behandlung im Puerperium. Ziel dieses Artikels ist, einen Überblick über aktuelle Studien zur Körpertemperatur der Milchkuh zusammenzustellen. Zahlreiche Faktoren beeinflussen sowohl die Temperaturmessung (Art des Thermometers, Eindringtiefe, Erfahrenheit des Untersuchers) als auch die Körpertemperatur der Milchkuh (Laktationsdauer, Laktationsnummer, Tageszeit, Klima zum Zeitpunkt der Abkalbung). Zusätzlich konnte in einigen Studien unabhängig voneinander gezeigt werden, dass ein gewisser Prozentsatz von gesunden Kühen im Frühpuerperium eine erhöhte Körpertemperatur aufweist. Bei unklaren Diagnosen (z. B. kein weiteres Symptom außer einer erhöhten Körpertemperatur) sollten die Messergebnisse hinterfragt werden.

Summary

Measuring body temperature plays an integral role in early puerperal cow monitoring programs. Furthermore, body temperature is part of the definition of puerperal metritis. Antibiotic treatment decisions are based on body temperature in several international publications on intervention strategies widely adopted in the modern dairy industry. The objective of this article is to provide a brief overview of the most recent publications on this important criterion. Several factors can influence the measurement of the body temperature (type of thermometer, insertion depth, skills of the investigator) as well as the cow’s body temperature (days in milk, parity, time of the day, climate at calving). Furthermore, the occurrence of increased body temperature in healthy cows was demonstrated independently by several investigations. In ambiguous cases (e.g. raised body temperature as the only symptom) results should be interpreted with caution.

Schlüsselwörter

Milchkuh - Fieber - Thermometer - Körpertemperatur - Überwachung

Key word

Dairy cow - fever - thermometer - body temperature - monitoring

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