Einfluss einer Fütterung von pansengeschütztem Cholin in der Transitphase bei Milchkühen

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Untersuchung der Wirkung des Futterzusatzstoffes Cholin auf den Energiestoffwechsel und die Milchleistung von Milchkühen. Material und Methoden: 298 Tiere einer hochleistenden Milchviehherde (mittlere Tagesmilchmenge: 32 l), randomisiert mit einer Stratifizierung nach Laktationsalter, wurden in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt und erhielten von Tag 21 ante partum (a. p.) bis Tag 21 post partum (p. p.) 0 oder 15 g pansengeschütztes Cholin (entspricht 0 bzw. 60 g ReaShure^®/Tier/Tag). Blutmetaboliten wurden im peripartalen Zeitraum bei allen Tieren (Glukose, β-Hydroxybutyrat [BHB]) bzw. stichprobenartig (Insulin, Insulin-ähnlicher Wachstumsfaktor [IGF-1], freie Fettsäuren [NEFA]) untersucht. Ein Index für Insulinsensitivität (RQUICKI) wurde berechnet und Milchleistungsdaten (Milchleistungsprüfungen, 100-Tage-, 305-Tage-, Milchpeakleistungen, Kolostrumqualität) wurden ausgewertet. In der Statistik wurde zwischen den Fütterungsgruppen sowie der Parität unterschieden und deren Interaktionen untersucht. Ergebnisse: Bei den untersuchten Variablen ließen sich, außer einer niedrigeren 305-Tage-Leistung bei der Versuchsgruppe (p < 0,05), weder Unterschiede zwischen den Fütterungsgruppen noch Interaktionen nachweisen. Bei multiparen Kühen ergaben sich im Vergleich zu Erstlaktierenden weniger subklinische Ketosen ante partum und post partum (OR a. p.: 0,178; OR p. p.: 0,310), häufiger Grenzwertüberschreitungen bei der Gesamtzellzahl (OR 2,584–3,298) und eine höhere Milchleistung (p < 0,05). Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Eine Supplementierung mit Cholin beeinflusste in dieser Milchviehherde den Energiehaushalt und die Milchleistung nicht. Weitere Studien in unterschiedlichen Milchviehherden sollten diese Thematik vertiefen.

Summary

Objective: The effects of rumen-protected choline (RPC) on energy metabolism and milk production in dairy cows were analyzed. Material and methods: Two hundred and ninety-eight primiparous and multiparous cows of a high producing dairy herd (mean daily milk yield: 32 l) were randomly assigned to control or treatment groups and were fed with 0 or 15 g RPC, respectively, (corresponding to 0 and 60 g/d Rea Shure^®, respectively) from 21 days before expected calving to 21 days postpartum (p. p.). Blood metabolites were determined for either all cows (glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate [BHB]) or randomly (insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1], non-esterified fatty acids [NEFA]) during the periparturient period. An index for insulin sensitivity (RQUICKI) was calculated and milk production data (dairy herd improvement tests, 100-days-, 305-days-, milk peak yield, colostrum quality) was analyzed. In the statistical analysis, a distinction was made between the feeding groups and between the parity, and their interactions were analyzed. Results: With the exception of a lower 305-day-milk yield in the treatment group (p < 0.05), the evaluated variables did not show statistically significant differences between the feeding groups and no interactions could be found. In comparison to heifers, multi parous cows had less cases of subclinical ketosis a. p. and p. p. (OR a. p.: 0.178; OR p. p.: 0.310), more of them were above the thre shold for somatic cell counts (OR 2.584–3.298), and their milk yields were higher (p < 0.05). Conclusion and clinical relevance: Supplementing RPC did not affect the energy metabolism or the milk pro duction in this herd. Further research in other dairy herds should focus on this topic.

Schlüsselwörter

Cholin - Kuh - Leber - Milchleistung - Stoffwechsel

Key words

Choline - cow - liver - milk yield - metabolism

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