PDF herunterladen
Schlaf 2014; 03(02): 74-80
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1626090
Review
Schattauer GmbH

Albträume

– im Kontext posttraumatischer Belastungsstörungen
Hans-Peter Kapfhammer
1   Dept. of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy Auenbruggerplatz 2/8 Dept. of Psychiatry Auenbruggerplatz 31 A-8036 Graz/Österreich, eMail: Hans-peter.kapfhammer@klinikum-graz.at
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
12. Februar 2018 (online)

    Lizenzen und Reprints

Quälende Albträume, die Aspekte eines traumatischen Ereignisses oder die traumatische Szene selbst in Gänze wiederkehrend darstellen und die Schlafqualität massiv irritieren, zählen zu den Kernsymptomen in der diagnostischen Konzeptualisierung einer Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS, PTSD).

 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Kapfhammer HP. Alpträume – universelles Phänomen und vielschichtiges psychopathologisches Symptom. Psychiatr Psychother 2006; 2: 85-96.
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 2 Neylan TC, Marmar CR, Metzler TJ. et al. Sleep disturbances in the Vietnam generation: findings from a nationally representative sample of male Vietnam veterans. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155: 929-933.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 3 Lavie P. Current concepts: sleep disturbances in the wake of traumatic events. N Engl J Med 2001; 133: 461-465.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 4 Duke LA, Allen DN, Rozee PD, Bommaritto M. The sensitivity and specificity of flashbacks and nightmares to trauma. J Anxiety Disord 2007; 22: 319-327.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 5 Leskin GA, Woodward SH, Young HE, Sheikh JI. Effects of comorbid diagnoses on sleep disturbance in PTSD. J Psychiatr Res 2002; 36: 449-452.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 6 Davis JL, Byrd P, Rhudy JL, Wright DC. Characteristics of chronic nightmares in a trauma-exposed treatment-seeking sample. Dreaming 2007; 17: 187-198.
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 7 Ohayan MM, Shapiro CM. Sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders associated with posttraumatic stress disorder in the general population. Compr Psychiatry 2000; 41: 469-478.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 8 Coalson B. Nightmare help: treatment of trauma survivors with PTSD. Psychotherapy 1992; 32: 381-388.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 9 Germain A, Nielsen TA. Sleep pathophysiology in posttraumatic stress disorder and idiopathic nightmare sufferers. Biol Psychiatry 2003; 54: 1092-1098.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 10 Mellman TA, Knorr BR, Pigeon WR. et al. Heart rate variability during sleep and the early development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2004; 55: 953-956.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 11 Schreuder B, Kleijn W, Rooijmans H. Nocturnal re-experiencing more than forty years after war trauma. J Trauma Stress 2000; 13: 453-463.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 12 Friedman CTH. Nightmares. In: Natterson JM. (ed) The dream in clinical practice. New York, London: Jason Aronson; 1980: 301-315.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 13 Phelps AJ, Forbes D, Creamer M. Understanding posttraumatic nightmares: An empirical and conceptual review. Clin Psychol Rev 2008; 28: 338-355.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 14 Pigeon WR, Campbell CE, Possemato K, Ouimette P. Longitudinal relationships in insomnia, nightmares, and PTSD severity in recent combat veterans. J Psychosom Res 2013; 75: 546-550.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 15 Hartmann E. Nightmare after trauma as paradigm for all dreams: a new approach to the nature and function of dreaming. Psychiatry 1998; 61: 223-228.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 16 Horowitz MJ. Stress response syndromes. 2nd ed.. Oxford, New York: Jason Aronson; 1986
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 17 van der Kolk B, Blitz R, Burr W. et al. Nightmares and trauma: a comparison of nightmares after combat with lifelong nightmares in veterans. Am J Psych 1984; 141: 187-190.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 18 Mellman TA, Pigeon WR. Dreams and nightmares in post-traumatic stress disorder. In Kryger MH, Roth T, Dement WC. (eds) Principles and practice of sleep medicine. 4th ed.. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2005: 573-578.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 19 Brewin CR. The nature and significance of memory disturbance in posttraumatic stress disorder. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2011; 7: 203-227.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 20 Fisher C, Kahn E, Edwards A, Davis DM. A psychophysiological study of nightmares and night terrors: The suppression of state 4 night terrors with diazepam. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1973; 28: 252-259.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 21 Kramer M, Kinney L. Sleep patterns in trauma victims with disturbed dreaming. Psychiatric J Univ Ott 1988; 13: 12-16.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 22 Kramer M, Schoen LS, Kinney L. Psychological and behavioural features of disturbed dreamers. Psychiatric J Univ Ott 1984; 9: 102-106.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 23 Harvey AG, Jones C, Schmidt DA. Sleep and posttraumatic stress disorder: A review. Clin Psychol Rev 2003; 23: 377-407.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 24 Wittman L, Schredl M, Kramer M. Dreaming in posttraumatic stress disorder: a critical review of phenomenology, psychophysiology and treatment. Psychother Psychosom 2007; 76: 25-39.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 25 Germain A, Buysse DJ, Nofinger E. Sleep-specific mechanisms underlying posttraumatic stress disorder: integrative review and neurobiological hypotheses. Sleep Med Rev 2008; 12: 185-195.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 26 Germain A. Sleep disturbances as the hallmark of PTSD: Where are we now?. Am J Psychiatry 2013; 170: 372-382.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 27 Parsons RG, Ressler KJ. Implications of memory modulation for post-traumatic stress and fear disorders. Nat Neurosci 2013; 16: 146-153.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 28 Woodward S. PTSD sleep research: An update. PTSD Res Quart 2004; 15: 1-8.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 29 Mellman TA, Hipolito MM. Sleep disturbances in the aftermath of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder. CNS Spectr 2006; 11: 611-615.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 30 Southwick SM, Davis LL, Aikins DE, Rasmusson A, Barron J, Morgan CA. 2007. Neurobiological alterations associated with PTSD. In: Friedman MJ, Keane TM, Resick PA. (eds) Handbook of PTSD. Science and practice. New York, London: Guilford Press; 2007: 166-189.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 31 Mellman TA, Nolan B, Hebding J. et al. A polysomnographic comparison of veterans with combat-related PTSD, depressed men and non-ill controlls. Sleep 1997; 20: 46-51.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 32 Ross RJ, Ball WA, Dinges DF. et al. Motor dysfunction during sleep in posttraumatic stress disorder. Sleep 1994; 17: 723-732.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 33 Woodward SH, Leskin GA, Sheikh JI. Movement during sleep: Associations with posttraumatic stress disorder, nightmares, and comorbid panic disorder. Sleep 2002; 25: 681-688.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 34 Mellman TA, Bustamante V, Fins AI. et al. REM sleep and the early development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2002; 159: 1696-1701.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 35 Schenck CH, Pareja JA, Patterson AL, Mahowald MW. Analysis of polysomnographic events surrounding 252 slow wave sleep arousals in thirty-eight adults with injurious sleepwalking and sleep terrors. J Clin Neurophysiol 1998; 15: 159-166.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 36 Blatt I, Peled R, Gadoth N, Lavie P. The value of sleep recording in evaluating somnambulism in young adults. Electroencephal Clin Neurophysiol 1991; 78: 407-412
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 37 Espa F, Ondze B, Deglise P. et al. Sleep architecture, slow wave activity, and sleep spindles in adult patients with sleepwalking and sleep terrors. Clin Neurophysiol 2000; 111: 929-939.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 38 Zucconi M, Oldani A, Ferini-Strambi L, Smirne S. Arousal fluctuations in non-rapid eye movement parasomnias: The role of cyclic alternating pattern as a measure of sleep instability. J Clin Neurophysiol 1995; 12: 147-154.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 39 Krystal JH, Bremner JD, Southwick SM, Charney DS. The emerging neurobiology of dissociation: Implications for treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. In: Bremner JD, Marmar CR. (eds) Trauma, memory, and dissociation. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1998: 321-363.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 40 Krakow B, Melendrez D, Pedersen B. et al. Complex insomnia: Insomnia and sleep-disordered breathing in a consecutive series of crime victims with nightmare and PTSD. Biol Psychiatry 2001; 49: 948-953.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 41 Krakow B, Melendrez D, Johnston L. et al. Sleep-disordered breathing, psychiatric distress, and quality of life impairment in sexual assault survivors. J Nerv Ment Dis 2002; 190: 442-452.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 42 Krakow B, Lowry C, Germain A. et al. A retrospective study on improvements in nightmares and posttraumatic stress disorder following treatment for comorbid sleep-disordered breathing. J Psychosom Res 2000; 49: 291-298.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 43 Krakow B, Haynes PL, Warner TD. et al. Nightmares, insomnia, and sleep-disordered breathing in fire evacuees seeking treatment for posttraumatic sleep disturbance. J Traum Stress 2004; 17: 257-268.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 44 Roepke S, Hansen ML, Peter A. et al. Nightmares that mislead to diagnosis of reactivation of PTSD. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2013; 4: 10. 3402/ejpt.v4i0.18714.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 45 Breslau N, Roth T, Burduvali E. et al. Sleep in lifetime post-traumatic stress disorder. A community-based polysomnographic study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004; 61: 508-516.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 46 Mellman TA, David D, Bustamante V. et al. Dreams in the acute aftermath of trauma and their relationship to PTSD. J Trauma Stress 2001; 14: 241-247.
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 47 Mellman TA, Pigeon WR, Nowell PD, Nolan B. Relationships between REM sleep findings and PTSD symptoms during the early aftermath of trauma. J Trauma Stress 2007; 20: 286-289.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 48 Kobayashi I, Sledjeski EM, Spoonster E. et al. Effects of early nightmares on the development of sleep disturbances in motor vehicle accident victims. J Trauma Stress 2008; 21: 548-555.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 49 Bryant RA, Creamer M, O´Donnell M. et al. Sleep disturbance immediately prior to trauma predicts subsequent psychiatric disorder. Sleep 2010; 33: 69-74.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 50 Cartrwright R. Dreams that work: The relation of dream incorporation to adaptation to stressful events. Dreaming 1991; 1: 3-9.
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 51 van Liempt S. Sleep disturbances and PTSD: a perpetual circle?. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2012; 3 doi:
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 52 Levin R, Nielsen TA. Disturbed dreaming, posttraumatic stress disorder, and affect distress: A review and neurocognitive model. Psychol Bull 2007; 133: 482-528.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 53 Nielsen TA, Levin R. Nightmares: A new neurocognitive model. Sleep Med Rev 2007; 11: 295-310.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 54 Aurora RN, Zak RS, Auergbach SH. et al. Best practice guide for the treatment of nightmare disorder in adults. J Clin Sleep Med 2010; 15: 389-401.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 55 Krakow B, Zadra A. Clinical management of chronic nightmares: Imagery rehearsal therapy. Behav Sleep Med 2006; 4: 45-70.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 56 Krakow B, Hollifield DM, Schrader R. et al. A controlled study of imagery rehearsal for chronic nightmares in sexual assault survivors with PTSD: A preliminary report. J Traum Stress 2000; 13: 589-609.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 57 Krakow B, Hollifield XX, Johnston L. et al. A randomised controlled study of imagery rehearsal therapy of chronic nightmares in sexual assault survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder. JAMA 2001; 286: 537-545.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 58 Germain A, Nielsen T. Impact of imagery rehearsal treatment on distressing dreams, psychological distress, and sleep parameters in nightmare patients. Behav Sleep Med 2003; 1: 140-154.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 59 Krakow B, Melendrez D, Johnston L. et al. Sleep dynamic therapy for Cerro Grande Fire evacuees with posttraumatic stress symptoms: A preliminary report. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63: 673-684.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 60 Hansen K, Höfling V, Kröner-Borowikk T. et al. Efficacy of psychological interventions aiming to reduce chronic nightmares: A meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2013; 33: 146-155.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 61 Lamarche LJ, De Koninck J. Sleep disturbance in adults with posttraumatic stress disorder: A review. J Clin Psychiatry 2007; 68: 1257-1270.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 62 Nappi CM, Drummond SPA, Hall JMH. Treating nightmares and insomnia in posttraumatic stress disorder: A review of current evidence. Neuropharmacology 2012; 62: 576-585.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 63 Schwabe L, Nader K, Wolf OT, Beaudry T, Pruessner JC. Neural signature of reconsolidation impairments by propranolol in humans. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 71: 380-386.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 64 Raskind MA, Peskind ER, Kanter ED. et al. Reduction of nightmares and other PTSD symptoms in combat veterans by prazosin: A placebo-controlled study. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: 371-373.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 65 Raskind MA, Peskind ER, Hoff DJ. et al. A parallel group placebo controlled study of prazosin for trauma nightmares and sleep disturbance in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2007; 61: 928-934.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 66 Taylor FB, Martin P, Thompson C. et al. Prazosin effects on objective sleep measures and clinical symptoms in civilian trauma posttraumatic stress disorder: A placebo-controlled study. Biol Psychiatry 2008; 63: 629-632.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 67 Germain A, Richardson R, Moul DE. et al. Placebo-controlled comparison of prazosin and cognitive-behavioral treatments for sleep disturbances in US Military Veterans. J Psychosom Res 2012; 72: 89-96.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 68 Byers MG, Allison KM, Wendel CS, Lee JK. Prazosin versus quetiapine for nightmare posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in veterans. An assessment of long-term comparative efficacy and safety. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2010; 30: 225-229.
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 69 Kung S, Espinel Z, Lapid MI. Treatment of nightmares with prazosin: A systematic review. Mayo Clin Proc 2012; 87: 890-900.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 70 Hendin H, Maltsberger JT, Szanto K. The psychosocial context of trauma in treating PTSD patients. Am J Psychiatry 2008; 165: 28-32.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar