Spezifische Psychotherapie der chronischen Depression mit dem Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy

Zusammenfassung

Depressive Erkrankungen machen 36% aller psychiatrischen Störungen aus und münden in einem Drittel der Fälle in einen chronischen Verlauf, der schwierig zu therapieren ist. Einen Schlüssel zur Optimierung der Behandlung stellt die Veränderung der aufrechterhaltenen psychosozialen Faktoren durch spezifische Verhaltenstherapie dar. Das “Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy” – CBASP – nach James P. McCullough ist eine empirisch evaluierte Weiterentwicklung kognitiv-behavioraler und interpersoneller verhaltenstherapeutischer Strategien zur ambulanten Behandlung der chronischen Depression. Der Artikel fasst wichtige Informationen über die theoretische Basis, den entwicklungsbezogenen Einfluss von gelerntem und regelgeleitetem Verhalten auf die emotional kognitive Organisation, den interpersonellen Fokus der Therapie, die Behandlungsstrategien nach “Bottom-Up” und “TopDown” wirksamen Interventionen, die Behandlungsphasen und die wichtigsten Therapieziele zusammen.

Summary

Depressive disorder occurs with a prevalence of 36% of all psychiatric disorders. In one of three cases it converses from an episodic into a chronic course. Chronic depression is defined as a unipolar depressive disorder lasting two or more years and with less thana two-month period during which the individual reports no symptoms. One key for treatment optimization represents the alteration of the maintaining psychosocial factors through psychotherapy. CBASP is the first approach to psychotherapy that is specifically developed for chronic depression representing a further development of cognitive-behavioural and interpersonal strategies. The paper summarizes important information about the theoretical background, the developmental influence of conditioned and rigidly ruled governed behaviour on the cognitive-emotional organization, the interpersonal focus, the treatment strategies according to bottom-up and topdown interventions, the phases of therapy and the most important treatment goals of CBASP.

Schlüsselwörter

Spezifische Psychotherapie der chronischen Depression - gelerntes und regelgeleitetes Verhalten - Effekt der gelernten Hilflosigkeit - Behandlungsstrategien - Behandlungsphasen - Therapieziele

Keywords

Specific psychotherapy for chronic depression - Cognitive Behavioural Analysis System of Psychotherapy - conditioned and rigidly ruled governed behaviour - the learned helplessness effect - treatment strategies - treatment phases - treatment goals

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