Psychotherapie von nicht suizidalem selbstverletzendem Verhalten

Zusammenfassung

Nicht suizidales selbstverletzendes Verhalten (NSSV) stellt ein heterogenes Verhaltensmuster dar, das häufig komorbid zu weiteren psychiatrischen Symptomen auftritt. Aktuelle internationale Vergleiche ergeben eine Lebenszeitprävalenz hinsichtlich NSSV von 19% im Jugendalter und 5,6% in der Gesamtbevölkerung. Diese Zahlen verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit effektiver Therapieverfahren, die speziell auf die Behandlung von NSSV ausgerichtet sind. Bislang existieren nur wenige Studien, die sich auf die Reduktion von NSSV im Rahmen einer therapeutischen Intervention beziehen. In dieser systematischen Übersichtsarbeit werden Ergebnisse bezüglich der Inanspruchnahme von Hilfeangeboten und der Effektivität kognitiv-behavioraler und psychodynamischer Therapieverfahren bei NSSV in Bezug auf Erwachsene und Jugendliche dargestellt. Erste vielversprechende Effekte zeigen sich vor allem im Bereich kognitiv-behavioraler Interventionen. Diese müssten jedoch anhand größerer, repräsentativer Stichproben und mithilfe einheitlich definierter Zielvariablen validiert werden.

Summary

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) comprises a heterogenic behavioural pattern, which is associated with a number of psychiatric symptoms. Current international comparisons illustrate a 19% life-time prevalence of NSSI in youth and 5.6% in the general population. These numbers point to the necessity of effective therapeutic interventions which focus on the treatment of NSSI. To date few studies evaluating the reduction of NSSI through psychotherapeutic treatment exist. In this systematic review, we discuss results concerning the utilisation of therapeutic help and the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic interventions on NSSI with regards to adults and adolescents. First encouraging results, especially regarding cognitive-behavioral methods, can be reported. However, these results would have to be validated using larger, more representative samples and defining NSSI as outcome-variable.

Schlüsselwörter

Nicht suizidales selbstverletzendes Verhalten (NSSV) - Psychotherapie - Behandlung - Review

Keywords

Non-suicidal self injury (NSSI) - psychotherapy - treatment - review

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