Psychische Folgen von Schulamokläufen für Überlebende

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Der Wissensstand zu psychischen Folgen von Schulamokläufen für überlebende Schüler wird zusammengefasst. Material und Methoden: Im Dezember 2009 wurden in Fachdatenbanken und im Internet zugängliche Artikel gesichtet. Ergebnisse: Nach Amokläufen kommt es auch langfristig zu hohen Prävalenzen von 17 bis 27% posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen, ca. 15% Depressionen und zu zahlreichen unspezifischen Symptomen. Schlussfolgerung: Die Prävalenz behandlungsbedürftiger psychischer Störungen bei Überlebenden von Schulamokläufen ist auch Jahre nach dem Ereignis hoch. Klinische Relevanz: Ein systematisches Screening der unmittelbar exponierten Personen und ihres Umfeldes ist jenseits der akuten posttraumatischen Phase notwendig, um Betroffene mit Behandlungsbedarf zu identifizieren und ihnen eine evidenzbasierte psychotherapeutische Behandlung zukommen zu lassen.

Summary

Objective: Empirical findings about psychological sequelae of school shootings for surviving children and adolescents are summarized. Material and methods: In December 2009, a literature research was performed based on scientific databases and the internet. Results: Even years after a school shooting, prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (17 to 27%) and depression (about 15%) are high, additional stress-related symptoms are common. Conclusion: In the aftermath of a school shooting, many witnessing children and adolescents suffer from mental health problems. Clinical relevance: Even beyond the acute posttraumatic phase, surviving students should be systematically screened for stress-related mental health problems to identify those with need for trauma-focused psychological interventions.

Schlüsselwörter

Amok - Kinder - Jugendliche - PTBS - Schule

Keywords

Adolescents - children - PTSD - school shooting

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