Behandlung von Stimm-, Schluck- und Atemstörungen mit Botulinumtoxin

Zusammenfassung

Die Symptomatik fokaler Dystonien des Larynx kann isoliert oder kombiniert die Stimm-, Schluck- und Atemfunktion betreffen. Behandlungen laryngealer Dystonien mit Botulinumtoxin sind symptomatische Off-label-Anwendungen, die zum Erhalt eines Behandlungserfolges in regelmäßigen Abständen nach etwa drei bis sechs Monaten wiederholt werden müssen. Bei Stimm- und Atemstörungen erfolgen die Botulinumtoxininjektionen in die Larynxmuskulatur und bei Schluckstörungen können sie kombiniert oder allein in die Speicheldrüsen und in den Oesophaguseingang erfolgen. Die interdisziplinäre Differenzialdiagnostik ist die Grundlage für eine gezielte Indikationsstellung.

Summary

A focal laryngeal dystonia might cause dysphonia, dysphagia or dyspnea. These dysorders can appear discrete or combined. The treatment with botulinum toxin is a symptomatic off-label-use that has to be repetitive every three to six months to conserve a positive outcome. In case of dysphonia and dyspnea the laryngeal muscles and in case of dysphagia the cricopharyngeal muscle and the salivary glands are injected. For a selective indication an interdisciplinary diagnostic is essential.

Schlüsselwörter

Larynx - Dystonie - Dysphonie - Dysphagie - Dyspnoe - Botulinumtoxin

Keywords

Larynx - dystonia - dysphonia - dysphagia - dyspnea - botulinum toxin

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