Akuter Strabismus im Kindesalter

Zusammenfassung

Akut einsetzendes Schielen bei Kindern ist für Eltern durch die auffällige Augenstellung eine beunruhigende Situation, die sie veranlasst, umgehend einen Kinder- oder Augenarzt aufzusuchen.

Da akutes Schielen Symptom einer bedrohli-chen Erkrankung sein kann, muss eine Diagnostik unverzüglich erfolgen.

Die strabologisch-neuroophthalmologische Untersuchung mit einer okulären Motilitätsanalyse, Refraktionsbestimmung und Papillenbeurteilung kann klären, ob eine harmlose dekompensierende oder kongenitale Schiel-form zugrunde liegt, oder ob eine neuropädiatrische Abklärung des Schielens erforderlich ist.

Die Differenzialdiagnosen sowohl häufiger als auch seltener Erkrankungen werden an-hand klinischer Zeichen, spezieller Diagnostik und deren Therapiemöglichkeiten detailliert dargestellt.

Summary

Acute-onset strabismus in children, with its conspicuous appearance, is always disconcerting for parents and leads them to seek prompt medical attention from a paediatrician or ophthalmologist.

Since life-threatening conditions can cause acute strabismus, diagnostics must be performed immediately.

A strabologic-neuroophthalmologic examination, including motility testing, determination of refraction, and assessment of the optic disc, can clarify whether a harmless, de-compensation or congenital strabismus is present or whether a neuropaediatric evaluation is necessary.

The differential diagnosis, from common to rare disorders, as well as their clinical, special diagnostics, and therapeutic options are discussed in detail.

Schlüsselwörter

Akutes konkomittierendes nicht akkommodatives Innenschielen - kongenitale Schielformen - erworbenes Lähmungsschielen

Keywords

Acute-onset non-accommodative comitant esotropia - congenital strabismus - acquired paralytic strabismus

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