Abstract
Objective We sought to examine pathogen distribution and clinical presentation of late-onset
sepsis (LOS) at an urban tertiary care center.
Study Design We performed a retrospective review of all culture-confirmed cases of LOS presenting
to our institution from 2013 to 2017. Medical records were evaluated for demographic
information, sepsis risk factors, encounter location, and clinical outcome.
Results We identified 97 cases of LOS, with a median age at diagnosis of 25 days. The most
common pathogens were Escherichia coli (22.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (17.5%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (12.4%), and Enterococcus faecalis (12.4%). Infections due to E. coli predominated in the outpatient setting (44%), whereas S. aureus and Gram-negative organisms other than E. coli were more frequently isolated from inpatients (21 and 24%, respectively). Gram-positive
organisms were more common in infants delivered through cesarean section (p = 0.002) and were associated with more complications (p = 0.03). Escherichia coli LOS presented at an earlier age than S. aureus (15 vs. 32 days; p = 0.04). Of the 15 cases of meningitis, 40% did not have a positive blood culture.
Conclusion Pathogen distribution in our population was different from those previously reported,
with a higher prevalence of S. aureus. Encounter location and age at presentation varied significantly by pathogen.
Keywords
late-onset sepsis - pathogen - sepsis
