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Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2020; 33(01): 016-021
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1695032
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Bleeding from Small Intestine: No Man's Land

Ara Sahakian
1   Department of Medicine, Keck Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
,
Sang W. Lee
2   Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
,
Joongho Shin
2   Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
07 January 2020 (online)

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Abstract

Bleedings from small intestine account for 5% of all gastrointestinal bleeding. With advanced endoscopic tools, such as video capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy, accurate diagnosis and treatment is possible in majority of cases with low mortality and morbidity. Nonoperative management includes endoscopic hemostasis and angiographic embolization. Recurrence after initial treatment is relatively common. Surgery is reserved for the cases that are refractory to endoscopic or angiographic treatment, bleeding from tumor or mass lesions, or hemodynamic instability. At the time of surgical exploration, unless the lesion has been marked by endoscopic tattoo or clip, intraoperative enteroscopy is often necessary to localize the lesion.

Keywords

video capsule endoscopy (VCE) - deep enteroscopy - intraoperative enteroscopy
 

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