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Am J Perinatol 2022; 39(13): 1410-1417
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722604
Original Article

Cardiopulmonary Function Abnormalities in Cohort of Adults following Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia as Preterm Infants

Ariane Lasry
1   McGill University, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Patrick Kavabushi
1   McGill University, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Anne-Marie Canakis
2   Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Thuy M. Luu
3   Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Anne-Monique Nuyt
4   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Thérèse Perreault
5   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Jessica Simoneau
5   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Jennifer Landry
6   Department of Respirology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Gabriel Altit
5   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract

Objective This study was aimed to describe the cardiopulmonary profiles of adult patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), comparing them to normative adult values.

Study Design This study presents a retrospective chart review of all BPD patients followed in the adult BPD clinic, identified from institutional and archive databases, born preterm at ≤33 weeks of estimated gestational age (EGA) between January 1980 and December 2000.

Results Forty-four patients with BPD (26.4 ± 2.7 weeks of EGA) were included. Average age at follow-up was 19 years. Majority (61.4%) of the patients had a diagnosis of asthma. Mean spirometry values were: first second of forced expiration (FEV1) 74.1%, forced vital capacity (FVC) 80.7%, and FEV1/FVC 82.5%. Echocardiography (ECHO) images were reviewed, left ventricular (LV) structure and performance did not differ between obstructive and nonobstructive pulmonary function test (PFT) groups, but values of LV longitudinal strain were 4.8% lower than expected normal for adults. Patients with obstructive PFT had additional decreased right ventricular (RV) function by ECHO.

Conclusion BPD patients in this study were found to have a burden of cardiorespiratory alterations that persisted into adulthood, with RV performance abnormalities found among patients with obstructive PFT.

Key Points

  • BPD patients born at extremes of prematurity have cardiorespiratory alterations in adulthood.

  • Among patients with obstructive lung function, subtle cardiac performance abnormalities were found.

  • Future directions should include systematic follow-up of premature newborns with BPD.

Keywords

prematurity - bronchopulmonary dysplasia - chronic neonatal lung disease - echocardiography - pulmonary vascular disease - extremely low birth weight

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 02 July 2020

Accepted: 04 December 2020

Article published online:
17 January 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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