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Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 71(05): 398-406
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1727138
Original Cardiovascular

Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction and Pulmonary Hypertension: Outcomes in SAVR

Tom X. Liu 
1   School of Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, United States
2   Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States
,
Mira T. Tanenbaum
1   School of Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, United States
,
Claire H. Seo
1   School of Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, United States
,
Dan Park
1   School of Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, United States
,
John C. Lystash
2   Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States
,
Mark Joseph
2   Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States
,
William S. Arnold
2   Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
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Abstract

Background Severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) are independently associated with poor outcomes in cardiac surgery. We evaluated the relationship of several measures of LVDD, PH, and hemodynamic subtypes of PH including precapillary pulmonary hypertension(pcPH) and isolated post-capillary pulmonary hypertension(ipcPH) and combined pre and post capillary pulmonary hypertension(cpcPH) capillary PH to postoperative outcomes in a cohort of patients who underwent elective isolated-AVR.

Methods We evaluated (n = 206) patients in our local STS database who underwent elective isolated-AVR between 2014 and 2018, with transthoracic echocardiogram (n = 177) or right heart catheterization (n = 183) within 1 year of operation (or both, n = 161). The primary outcome was a composite end point of death, prolonged ventilation, ICU readmission, and hospital stay >14 days.

Results Severe PH was associated with worse outcomes (moderate: OR, 1.1, p = 0.09; severe: OR, 1.28, p = 0.01), but degree of LVDD was not associated with worse outcomes. Across hemodynamic subtypes of PH, odds of composite outcome were similar (p = 0.89), however, patients with cpcPH had more postoperative complications (67 vs. 36%, p = 0.06) and patients with ipcPH had greater all-cause mortality at 1 (8 vs. 1%, p = 0.03) and 3 years (27 vs. 4%, p = 0.008).

Conclusion Severe PH conferred modestly greater risk of adverse events, and both LVDD grade and the combination of severe PH and LVDD were not associated with worse outcomes. However, hemodynamic stratification of PH revealed higher postoperative complications and worse long-term outcomes for those with cpcPH and ipcPH. Preoperative stratification of PH by hemodynamic subtype in valve replacement surgery may improve our risk stratification in this heterogenous condition. Further evaluation of the significance of LVDD and PH in other cardiac operations is warranted.

Keywords

aortic valve - cardiac - cardiology - heart valve surgery

Data Availability Statement

Data available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.


Authors' Contribution

T.L. reviewed the literature, performed analysis, wrote, and edited the manuscript. M.T. was instrumental to the study design and contributed to data collection, critical writing of and revision the manuscript. C.S., D.P., J.L., and W.S.A. contributed to data collection and analysis. J.L. and M.J. contributed to study design and advised the study in addition to revising the manuscript. W.S.A. supervised the work and revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. All authors reviewed the manuscript and approved the final version.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 23 August 2020

Accepted: 09 February 2021

Article published online:
16 April 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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