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Semin Reprod Med 2022; 40(01/02): 069-078
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735891
Review Article

Adolescent Fertility Preservation: Where Do We Stand Now

Snigdha Alur-Gupta 
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
,
Michelle Vu
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
,
Wendy Vitek
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
› Author Affiliations
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Abstract

Adolescence is a period of flux for many body systems. While fertility potential typically increases after menarche, there are diseases where the opposite occurs and fertility preservation options need to be considered early. In cases of cancer, options vary by pubertal status and can include ovarian tissue cryopreservation, oocyte cryopreservation, sperm cryopreservation, and testicular tissue cryopreservation. Much remains to be learned about fertility and preservation options in those with differences in sexual development (DSDs); however, depending on the form of DSD, fertility preservation may not be necessary. Similarly, traditional fertility counseling in children with galactosemia may need to be changed, as data suggest that fertility rates attributed to other causes of premature ovarian insufficiency may not be as applicable to this disease. Adolescents with Turner's syndrome are at high risk for premature ovarian failure; therefore, it is important to consider options as early as possible since ovarian reserves are depleted quickly. On the other hand, transgender and gender diverse adolescents may even be able to undergo fertility preservation after starting hormone therapy. In all cases, there are additional ethical components including technical/surgical risks in childhood, offering experimental therapies without creating false hope and evaluating children's consent and assent capabilities that must be considered.

Keywords

adolescent - fertility preservation - oocyte cryopreservation - sperm cryopreservation


Publication History

Article published online:
22 October 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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