Autoimmunphänomene bei hämatologischen Systemerkrankungen

Zusammenfassung

Autoimmunphänomene bei hämatologischen malignen Grunderkrankungen zeigen ein komplexes klinisches Erscheinungsbild und können zunächst zu der Diagnose einer Autoimmunerkrankung führen, ohne dass die hämatologische Diagnose gestellt wird. Dies kann zu einer Therapieverzögerung der hämatologischen Neoplasie führen, was die Prognose des Patienten potentiell verschlechtern kann. Deshalb ist es essentiell, bei bestimmten klinischen Merkmalen und laborchemischen Konstellationen eine zugrunde liegende hämatologische Erkrankung auszuschließen. Häufige hämatologische Neoplasien als Ursache für Autoimmunphänomene sind Lymphome (Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome, Hodgkin-Lymphome) und myelodysplastische sowie myeloproliferative Erkrankungen.

Abstract

Paraneoplastic rheumatological syndromes in association with haematological malignancies present in a complex clinical setting and may mislead to the diagnosis of an autoimmune disorder. It is of the utmost importance to discover the underlying haematological malignancy. Otherwise a delay in diagnosis might impair treatment options and the prognosis of the patient. Poor response to therapies used in non-paraneoplastic rheumatic conditions and/or characteristic clinical signs should trigger the rheumatologist to exclude an underlying malignancy. Frequent haematological malignancies as a cause of an autoimmune disorder are lymphomas (Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma) and myelodysplastic or myeloproliferative disorders.

Schlüsselwörter

paraneoplastische Autoimmunphänomene - paraneoplastische rheumatologische Erkrankungen - hämatologische Neoplasien und Autoimmunphänomene

Key words

paraneoplastic autoimmune disorders - paraneoplastic rheumatological syndromes - haematological malignancies and autoimmunity

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