Impulsivitätsbezogene Verhaltensmodifikation zur Reduktion von Essanfällen bei Patienten mit Binge-Eating-Störung – Ein Trainingsprogramm für Gruppen

Zusammenfassung

Die Binge-Eating-Störung (BES) ist eine Essstörung, bei deren Behandlung für die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (KVT) bereits zuverlässige Wirksamkeitsnachweise erbracht wurden. Beruhend auf Evidenz aus der Grundlagenforschung könnten verhaltenstherapeutische Interventionen, die speziell auf Impulsivität fokussieren, wirksam sein, da Patienten mit BES impulsives Essverhalten in Form von Essanfällen zeigen. Daher wurde ein Behandlungskonzept für eine impulsivitätsbezogene Verhaltensmodifikation bei Patienten mit BES entwickelt (IMPULS-Programm), dessen Wirksamkeit aktuell in einer randomisierten kontrollierten Studie überprüft wird [1]. Das IMPULS-Behandlungskonzept ist als wöchentlich stattfindendes Gruppenprogramm mit 5–6 Teilnehmern pro Gruppe konzipiert. Zentrale Interventionen umfassen Nahrungskonfrontationsübungen mit Reaktionsverhinderung und die Vermittlung von Selbstkontrolltechniken. Diese Interventionsmethoden wurden aus der Suchttherapie und der klassischen BES-Behandlung abgeleitet und an das Impulsivitätskonzept adaptiert.

Abstract

Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is an eating disorder where cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) could already show reliable efficacy. Relying on basic research, CBT interventions which especially focus on impulsivity could be effective, because binge eating episodes represent highly impulsive eating behaviour. For this reason, we developed a treatment concept about an impulsivity-focused behavioural group intervention for patients with BED, called IMPULS. The efficacy of IMPULS is currently investigated in a randomised controlled trial [1]. IMPULS is drafted as a weekly group training programme with 5–6 participants per group. The essential interventions are food-related cue exposure with response prevention and the development of self-control strategies. These interventions are adapted onto the impulsivity concept from conventional treatment of addictive disorders and BED.

Schlüsselwörter

Binge-Eating-Störung - Impulsivität - Exposition - Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie - randomisierte kontrollierte Studie

Keywords

binge eating disorder - impulsivity - cue exposure - cognitive behavioural therapy - randomised controlled trial

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