Validierung einer deutschsprachigen Fassung des Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ) an Jugendlichen mit Anorexia und Bulimia Nervosa

Zusammenfassung

Körperbezogenes Kontrollverhalten als behaviorale Manifestation eines gestörten Körperbildes begünstigt die Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von Essstörungen. Der Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ) ist der Fragebogen zur Erfassung von körperbezogenem Kontrollverhalten, der international am meisten Beachtung findet. Da bisher ausschließlich Validierungsstudien an erwachsenen Populationen vorliegen, ist das Ziel dieser Studie, die teststatistische Überprüfung der deutschsprachigen Version des BCQ an Jugendlichen. Untersucht wurden insgesamt N=129 weibliche Jugendliche, davon n=57 mit einer Anorexia Nervosa und n=24 mit einer Bulimia Nervosa sowie n=48 gesunde weibliche Jugendliche. Eine konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse stützt die auch in der Originalfassung gefundene Untergliederung des BCQ in einen Generalfaktor und die 3 Subfaktoren „Gesamterscheinung“, „Spezifische Körperteile“ und „Idiosynkratisches Kontrollieren“. Die internen Konsistenzen sind gut (α≥0,81), ebenso wie die Differenzierungsfähigkeit des BCQ zwischen Jugendlichen mit und Jugendlichen ohne Essstörungen. Signifikante Korrelationen zwischen dem BCQ und anderen Body-Image-Fragebögen weisen auf eine gute konvergente Validität hin. Der deutschsprachige BCQ stellt somit ein valides und reliables Instrument zur Erhebung von körperbezogenem Kontrollverhalten bei Jugendlichen in klinischer Forschung und Praxis dar.

Abstract

Body-related checking behavior, as a behavioral manifestation of a disturbed body image, fosters the development and maintenance of eating disorders. The Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ) is the most commonly used questionnaire for measuring body-related checking behavior internationally. To date, validation studies are only available for adult populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to statistically test the German-language version of the BCQ in adolescents. A total of N=129 female adolescents were examined, comprising n=57 with Anorexia Nervosa, n=24 with Bulimia Nervosa, and n=48 healthy female adolescents. A confirmatory factor analysis supports the subdivision of the BCQ into a general factor and the subfactors “overall appearance”, “specific body parts” and “idiosyncratic checking”, which was also found in the original version. The internal consistencies are good (α≥0.81), and the BCQ is able to differentiate well between adolescents with and without eating disorders. Significant correlations between the BCQ and other body image questionnaires point to a good convergent validity. The German-language BCQ thus constitutes a valid and reliable instrument for measuring body-related checking behavior among adolescents in clinical research and practice.

Schlüsselwörter

Body Checking Questionnaire - Essstörungen - Körperbild - Körperbildstörung - Jugendliche

Keywords

Body Checking Questionnaire - eating disorders - body image - body image disturbances - adolescents

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