Autoimmune Neuropathien im Kindes- und Jugendalter

Fazit

• Klinisch sind unter den genannten akuten und chronischen immunvermittelten Neuropathien im Kindes- und Jugendalter differenzialdiagnostisch vor allem das GBS und seine Varianten und die CIDP von Bedeutung.

• Autoimmune Neuropathien im Kindes- und Jugendalter stellen eine diagnostische und therapeutische Herausforderung dar. Umfassende kontrollierte Studien sowohl zur Signifikanz der zur Verfügung stehenden Biomarker als auch zur Effizienz der Immuntherapien fehlen.

• Zunehmend werden Antigene der nodalen, paranodalen und juxtanodalen Strukturen als pathogenetisch relevante Faktoren charakterisiert, deren Nachweis auch die individuelle Risikostratifizierung und Therapieplanung beeinflusst.

• Ein breites Spektrum wichtiger Differenzialdiagnosen aus dem Bereich maligner, infektiöser, metabolischer, vaskulärer, neuromuskulärer und genetischer Erkrankungen ist insbesondere in Hinblick auf therapeutische Konsequenzen zu bedenken.

• Prospektive, kontrollierte Studien mit besonderem Fokus auf effiziente Therapieoptionen im Kindesalter sind erforderlich.

• Literatur

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