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Rehabilitation (Stuttg) 2017; 56(01): 38-46
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-118578
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Arbeitsängste und ihre Behandlung in der medizinischen Rehabilitation – Handwerkszeug für Fähigkeitentrainings und Psychotherapie

Work-Anxieties and their Treatment in Medical Rehabilitation – Hand Tools for Capacity Training and Psychotherapy
B. Muschalla
1   Institut für Psychologie, Freie Universität Berlin
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Publication History

Publication Date:
20 February 2017 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Arbeitsbezogene Ängste gehen oft mit Arbeitsplatzproblemen einher oder mit Langzeitarbeitsunfähigkeit. Psychopathologisch-differenzialdiagnostisch können arbeitsbezogene Sorgenängste, phobische Ängste, Insuffizienzängste und krankheitsbezogene Ängste unterschieden werden. Eine Evaluation arbeitsorientierter Behandlungsansätze zeigte, dass die Beschäftigung mit dem Thema Arbeit während einer stationären Reha für den weiteren Verlauf günstig wirkt. In arbeitsbezogenen Fähigkeiten-Trainings oder einer verhaltenstherapeutischen Behandlung können typische Alltagsphänomene am Arbeitsplatz geübt werden (Selbstpräsentation, Soziale Spielregeln im Rudel, Arbeitsorganisation und Problemlösen, Umgang mit chronischer Erkrankung und Beeinträchtigung). Initiatives Verhalten und Kommunikation (dem Chef verständlich machen was das Problem ist) sind hilfreich, ebenso wie ggf. Erwartungskorrekturen und Normalisierung von alltäglichen Arbeitsproblemen (Alltagskonflikte und Anforderungen dürfen vorkommen und sind normal).

Abstract

Work-anxieties are often going along with workplace problems and long-term sick leave. Psychopathologically, different qualities of work anxiety can be distinguished: worrying, phobic anxiety, health-related anxiety, anxiety of insufficiency. An evaluation of a work-anxiety treatment showed that confronting patients with the topic work during medical rehabilitation leads to a better course. In work-oriented capacity trainings or behavior therapy groups, coping with everyday phenomena at work may be trained (self-presentation, social rules, work organization and problem solving, coping with chronic illness and impairment conditions). Active coping and communication (explaining impairment to the supervisor and occupational physician for making problem solving possible) are helpful. In some cases, correction of expectations must be done, and normalizing everyday work problems (conflicts and achievement requirements are normal at work, work does not make happy all the time).

Schlüsselwörter

Arbeitsängste - Arbeitsplatz - Medizinisch-beruflich orientierte Rehabilitation MBOR - Arbeitsfähigkeit - Gruppen

Key words

work-anxiety - workplace - vocational rehabilitation - work ability - group treatment
 

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