Kampō in der Gastroenterologie

Zusammenfassung

Die Kampō-Medizin ist eine mehr als 1000 Jahre alte Form der japanischen Phytotherapie, die auf pragmatische Art die Erkenntnisse der wissenschaftlich fundierten Medizin mit traditionellen Konzepten wie der Bauchdeckendiagnostik verbindet. Kampō ist heute fest im japanischen Gesundheitssystem verankert und wird von ca. 83,5 % der praktizierenden Ärzte dort genutzt, wobei die meisten Anwender Kampō-Rezepturen ausgehend von wissenschaftlichen Wirksamkeitsbelegen bzw. ICD-Diagnosen verschreiben. Grundlage dafür ist eine überschaubare Anzahl standardisierter Rezepturen, die überwiegend als Trockenextrakt in Granulatform eingenommen werden.

Anwendungsmöglichkeiten bestehen für eine Vielzahl von akuten und chronischen Beschwerden, wobei neben der Studienlage die Konstitution und das individuelle Beschwerdemuster des Patienten eine wichtige Rolle für die Auswahl der passenden Rezeptur spielen. Rikkunshi tō, hange shashin tō und keishi ka shakuyaku tō sind drei Kampō-Rezepturen, für deren Anwendung es bei dyspeptischen Beschwerden, der Reduktion Irinotecan-vermittelter Diarrhöen und dem Reizdarmsyndrom vom Diarrhö-Typ vielversprechende wissenschaftliche Wirksamkeitsbelege gibt. Nachdem Herr Kutcha bereits 2014 in der Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie sehr umfassend die Geschichte der Kampō-Medizin dargestellt hat, möchte ich nur kurz auf allgemeine Aspekte wie die historische Entwicklung eingehen und die spezifischen Anwendungsmodalitäten und therapeutischen Möglichkeiten bei gastrointestinalen Erkrankungen in den Vordergrund stellen.

Summary

Kampō medicine for gastrointestinal disorders

For more than a thousand years, Kampō medicine has stood out as a profound version of Japanese herbal medicine. It combines the knowledge of evidence-based medicine with traditional concepts like the abdominal diagnosis also called fukushin. Nowadays Kampō is deeply rooted in the Japanese health care system; around 83.5 % of the Japanese doctors prescribe Kampō on a daily basis. Interestingly, most of the practitioners use Kampō from a modern evidence-based point of view. This acceptance within the Japanese medical society is due to the relatively small number of standardized formulas, the possibility of taking Kampō as a water soluble granular and the evidence of a considerable number of indications.

Kampō medicine can be used for a variety of acute and chronic diseases whereby the individual constitution of the patient and clinical evidence guide the practitioner during the selection of the right formula. Rikkunshi tō, hange shashin tō und keishi ka shakuyaku tō are three Kampō prescriptions that are widely known for their effect in the case of dyspepsia, the reduction of diarrhea caused by Irinotecan and irritable bowel syndrome of the diarrhea type. Several articles concerning the background of Kampō were written by K. Kutcha in this journal (2014). This current article focuses on the usage of Kampō in treating gastrointestinal disorders.

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