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Semin Neurol
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1791693
Invited Review

Infectious Neuropathies

Mitali Mehta
1   Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
,
Jessica Robinson-Papp
1   Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
› Author Affiliations Funding Dr. Robinson-Papp is supported by grants from the NIH including: R01DK122853. Dr. Robinson-Papp has received NIH grant funding to investigate HIV-associated neuropathies and diabetic neuropathic pain. Additionally, royalties have been received from UpToDate for articles on neuropathy. Speaker honoraria have been received from the American Academy of Neurology and the Clinical Education Initiative. The aforementioned NIH grants include funds for travel to academic meetings. Dr. Robinson-Papp also serves as a Scientific Advisory Board Member for Neuropathix, Inc. and Immgenuity Inc.
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Abstract

This review explores diverse infectious etiologies of peripheral nervous system (PNS) dysfunction, spanning sensory and motor neurons, nerves, and associated structures. Progress in viral and bacterial infections reveals multifaceted mechanisms underlying neuropathies, including viral neurotoxicity and immune-mediated responses. Latest diagnostic advances facilitate early PNS complication detection, with ongoing research offering promising treatment avenues. Emerging pathogens like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Zika virus, and EV-D68 highlight the evolving infectious neuropathy paradigm. Recognizing characteristic patterns and integrating clinical factors are pivotal for precise diagnosis and tailored intervention. Challenges persist in assessment and management due to varied pathogenic mechanisms. Advancements in understanding pathogenesis have improved targeted therapies, yet gaps remain in effective treatments. Ongoing research is crucial for optimizing approaches and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords

peripheral neuropathies - distal symmetrical - sensory-predominant polyneuropathy - HIV infection - demyelinating neuropathy


Publication History

Article published online:
11 October 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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