Zusammenfassung
Wir berichten über eine 44-jährige Frau mit chronischer Hepatitis C, bei der es nach
einer 1-jährigen, erfolglosen Monotherapie mit Interferon-α (IFN-α) bei einer im Anschluss
durchgeführten Kombinationstherapie mit IFN-α und Ribavirin zu einer anhaltenden Viruselimination
kam. Unter der Therapie kam es zu den typischen grippeartigen Nebenwirkungen sowie
zu einem trockenen Reizhusten und einer zunehmenden Belastungsdyspnoe, die zuerst
als Nebenwirkung der Interferontherapie interpretiert wurden. Eine bei Symptompersistenz
eingeleitete radiologische und hisologische Diagnostik ermittelte als Ursache der
Beschwerden eine Sarkoidose mit interstitiellem retikulo-nodulärem Lungenbefall (Stadium
II). Nach Absetzen der IFN-α-Therapie kam es zu einer kompletten Remission der pulmonalen
Symptomatik bei weiterhin deutlichen radiologischen Veränderungen des Lungenparenchyms.
IFN-α könnte durch Aktivierung der zellulären Immunität an der Entstehung und Progression
der Sarkoidose beteiligt gewesen sein. Obwohl es bislang nur wenige Berichte über
eine Assoziation von pulmonaler Sarkoidose und IFN-α-Therapie gibt, muss angesichts
der weit verbreiteten Anwendung von Interferonen bei der Einschätzung und Wertung
von vermeintlichen IFN-α Nebenwirkungen differenzialdiagnostisch an dieses Krankheitsbild
gedacht werden.
Pulmonal sarcoidosis: A rare side effect of interferon-α treatment for chronic hepatitis
C infection
This is a case report of a 44-year-old woman who received a 1-year-treatment with
interferon-α for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. 3 months after cessation of
the therapy she relapsed and was successfully retreated 12 months with a combination
of interferon-α and ribavirin thereafter. During the treatment the patient developed
a typical flue-like syndrome, dry cough with exertional dyspnea that was initially
interpreted as a typical side effect of interferon-α treatment. Due to the persisting
cough, further radiologic and histologic work up was done and results were significant
for interstitial sarcoidosis. After interferon-treatment was stopped the pulmonary
symptoms resolved completely while pathologic changes in radiographic imaging persisted.
Interferon-α may have contributed to the development and progression of sarcoidosis
by activation of cellular immunity. Although there are only few reports about pulmonary
sarcoidosis associated with interferon-α treatment, this entity should be included
in the differential diagnosis of putative side effects of interferon-α therapy.
Schlüsselwörter
Interferon-α - Sarkoidose - Hepatitis-CInfektion
Key words
Interferon-α - Sarcoidosis - Hepatitis C Infection
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Anschrift für die Verfasser:
Dr. J. Pohl
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Innere Medizin IV
Bergheimer Straße 58
69115 Heidelberg
Email: Juergen_Pohl@med.uni-heidelberg.de