Aminosalizylate und Aspirin bei Kolonkarzinomen: vom Entzündungshemmer zum Tumorprophylaktikum?

Zusammenfassung

Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen Überblick zu geben über Antitumoreigenschaften von Medikamenten, die ursprünglich als Entzündungshemmer eingesetzt ­wurden, wie Aminosalizylate, Aspirin oder andere nichtsteroidale Antiphlogistika. Ausgehend von experimentellen und epidemiologischen Untersuchungen, die prophylaktische und/oder Tumorregressions/-suppressionseigenschaften belegen, werden spezifische antineoplastische Wirkungsweisen dargelegt wie die Hemmung Zyklooxygenase (COX)-abhängiger und -unabhängiger Schritte einschließlich der Rolle von Transkriptionsfaktoren wie NFkB in der Regulation des Zellzyklus. Darüber hinaus spielen weitere tumorhemmende Eigenschaften dieser Medikamente möglicherweise eine wichtige Rolle, wie die Induktion der Apoptose von Karzinomzellen und/oder Hemmung potenziell tumorrelevanter oxidativer DNA-Schäden. Basierend auf diesen Daten, wird die mögliche klinische Relevanz erörtert.

Aminosalicylates and aspirin for colonic cancer: From anti-inflammatory to antineoplastic drugs?

The aim of this article is to review potential antineoplastic properties of anti-inflammatory compounds commonly used in various inflammatory diseases such as aminosalicylates, aspirin and other nonsteroidal drugs. Starting from experimental and epidemiologic evidence showing prophylaxis and/or tumor ­regression/suppression, specific antineoplastic actions especially the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-(COX)dependent and COX-independent steps including the role of transscription factor (NFkB) in the cell cycle regulation are reviewed. In addition other mechanisms by which these drugs may exert antitumor effects, also may be important such as induction of apoptosis of cancer cells and/or inhibition of potentially carcinogenic oxidative DNA damage. Based on this knowledge potential clinical implications are discussed.

Schlüsselwörter

5-ASA - Aspirin - antitumoröse Effekte - Prostaglandin-/ Leukotriensynthesehemmung - COX-2-Hemmung - oxidative DNA-Schädigung - Apoptose

Key words

5-ASA - Aspirin - Antitumor Effects - Inhibition of Prostaglandins/Leukotriene Synthesis - COX-2 Inhibition - Oxidative DNA Damage - Apoptosis

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