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DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-10707
© Karl Demeter Verlag im Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Prospective study comparing human albumin vs. reinfusion of ultrafiltrate-ascitic fluid after total paracentesis in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites
Publikationsverlauf
23.8.1999
9.10.2000
Publikationsdatum:
31. Dezember 2001 (online)

Summary
Although, total paracentesis associated with human albumin substitution has shown to be a rapid, effective and safe treatment of diuretic refractory ascites in advanced liver cirrhosis, it implies high costs and has a limited availability. Therefore an alternative procedure the reinfusion of concentrated ascites has gained popularity in recent years (Smart et al. 1990; Grazioto et al. 1997). It was the aim of the study to compare human albumin substitution vs. reinfusion of ascitic-ultrafiltrate after total paracentesis.
35 patients with cirrhosis and tense ascites received total paracentesis associated with either human albumin (5-8 g/l ascites) (= group A) or reinfusion of an ascitic-ultrafiltrate fluid by means of hemofiltration technique (= group B). The mean volume of ascites removed was 9.4 l (2.1-20.0) in group A and 11.4 l (6.5-21.0) in group B. No significant differences in serum electrolytes, liver and renal function, coagulation profiles and hormones of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system were observed during hospitalization. In both groups sodium excretion increased significantly. 43 % of the patients in group B developed pyrexia and chill after reinfusion of the ascitic-ultrafiltrate fluid. In one patient an anaphylactic bronchospasm occurred requiring IUC-treatment. The treatment cost in case of human albumin were 326.- DM vs. 290.- DM for each patient treated with ascitic-ultrafiltrate fluid reinfusion. The probabilities of hospital readmission and survival were similar in both groups during follow-up.
The results indicate that i. v. infusion of ascitic-ultrafiltrate fluid is as effective as total paracentesis and albumin infusion in case of diuretic refractory ascites. However, according to the costs of instruments and staff and due to the significant allergic reactions caused by ascitic fluid it cannot be considered as a real alternative to albumin substitution.
Humanalbumin vs. Reinfusion des Aszitesultrafiltrates nach totaler Parazentese bei Patienten mit zirrhotischem Aszites - eine prospektive Studie
Die totale Parazentese mit Humanalbuminsubstitution ist ein schnelles, effektives und sicheres Verfahren in der Therapie der Leberzirrhose mit diuretikarefraktären Aszites. Aufgrund der hohen Kosten und der z. T. begrenzten Verfügbarkeit wurde als alternatives und kostengünstiges Verfahren die Reinfusion eines konzentrierten Aszitesultrafiltrates vorgeschlagen (Smart et al. 1990; Grazioto et al. 1997). Das Ziel dieser Studie war der prospektive Vergleich beider Verfahren.
35 Patienten mit einer Leberzirrhose und massivem Aszites wurden einer Totalparazentese unterzogen und anschließend entweder mit i. v. Humanalbuminsubstitution (5-8 g/l Aszites) (Gruppe A) oder der i. v. Reinfusion eines Aszitesultrafiltrates (Gruppe B) behandelt. Die mittleren extrahierten Aszitesvolumina betrugen 9,4 l (2,1-20,0) in Gruppe A und 11,4 l (6,5-21,0) in Gruppe B. In beiden Therapiegruppen traten keine signifikanten Veränderungen der Serumelektrolyte, der Leber- und Nierenfunktion, der Blutgerinnung und des Renin-Angitotensin-Aldosteron- Systems auf. Die Natriumausscheidung im Urin stieg in beiden Gruppen signifikant an. Bei 43 % der Patienten in Gruppe B wurden im Rahmen der Aszitesreinfusion Fieber und Schüttelfrost beobachtet. Ein Patient entwickelte einen intensivpflichtigen anaphylaktischen Bronchospasmus. Die Behandlungskosten pro Patient mit Humanalbumin betrugen im Durchschnitt 326,- DM gegenüber 290,- DM in der Reinfusionsgruppe. Im Follow-up fanden sich keine Unterschiede in der Rehospitalisierungshäufigkeit und der Überlebensrate zwischen beiden Gruppen.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die intravenöse Reinfusion eines Aszitesultrafiltrates nach totaler Parazentese bei diuretikarefraktärem Aszites bezüglich der Effektiviät der Humanalbuminsubstitution äquivalent ist. Allerdings stellt sie wegen des erhöhten technischen Aufwandes, bei nur geringem finanziellem Vorteil und insbesondere aufgrund der signifikant häufiger auftretenden Nebenwirkungen keine echte Alternative zur Humanalbuminsubstitution dar.
Key words
Liver Cirrhosis - Ascites - Human Albumin - Filtration - Reinfusion
Schlüsselwörter
Leberzirrhose - Aszites - Humanalbumin - Reinfusion
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Address for correspondence
MD Dirk Zaak
Department of Urology Klinikum Großhadern
Ludwig-Maximilians-University
Marchioninistraße 15
81377 München, Germany
eMail: Dirk.Zaak@uro.med.uni-muenchen.de