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DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-11317
Intima-Media-Dicke bei Gesunden ohne Risikofaktorenfür Arteriosklerose
Publikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
31. Dezember 2001 (online)

Grundproblematik und Fragestellung: Die sonographische Untersuchung der Intima-Media-Dicke (IMD) ist eine akzeptierte, gut reproduzierbare Methode für die Evaluierung einer Früharteriosklerose. Für die exakte Interpretation der Messergebnisse ist es jedoch unbedingt erforderlich, Referenzbereiche für die IMD zu formulieren. In dieser Arbeit werden zum ersten Mal in einer deutschen Bevölkerung Normwerte für die IMD der Arteria carotis communis und der Beinarterien (A. femoralis communis, A. femoralis superficialis und A. poplitea) bei gesunden Personen ohne Risikofaktoren für Arteriosklerose mitgeteilt.
Probanden und Methodik: Untersucht wurden 112 Personen (50 Männer, 62 Frauen) im Alter von 40 - 70 Jahren, für die folgende Kriterien zutrafen: Fehlen eines Diabetes mellitus, bzw. einer deutlichen Erhöhung der postprandialen Plasmaglukose; Nichtraucher; fehlende Hypertonie, Adipositas, Dys/Hyperlipidämie oder Albuminurie; anamnestisch keine Hinweise für eine koronare Herzkrankheit, Apoplexie oder periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit. Die IMD wurde standardisiert nach Pignoli ausgemessen. Gesamtcholesterin, Triglyzeride, HDL-Cholesterin, HbA1c, Plasmaglukose (nüchtern und nach einem 75 g oralen Glukosetoleranztest) und Albuminausscheidung wurden mit Routine-Labormethoden untersucht.
Ergebnisse: Die mittleren Werte der Doppelbestimmungen bilateral im distalen Bereich der A. carotis communis bei Männern betrugen 0,79 (0,73...0,84) mm (40 - 54 J) und 0,87 (0,81...0,93) mm (55 - 70 J). Bei den Frauen wurden korrespondierende Werte von 0,70 (0,67...0,75) mm und 0,82 (0,75...0,90) mm gefunden. In der Gruppe 40 - 54 Jahre fanden sich bei den Männern signifikant höhere Werte für die IMD aller untersuchten Gefäße im Vergleich zu den Frauen. Bei den Probanden 55 - 70 Jahre wurden tendenziell höhere IMD der A. carotis communis sowie signifikant höhere IMD der Beinarterien bei den Männern gefunden. In der multivariaten Analyse war das Alter eine signifikante Determinante der IMD aller untersuchten Gefäße.
Folgerung: Von einer Intima-Media-Verdickung der A. carotis communis kann bei Männern im Alter von 40 - 70 Jahren dann ausgegangen werden, wenn die IMD an einer Stelle ≥ 1 mm gemessen wird. Für die Frauen im Alter von 40 - 54 J. wird sie als pathologisch angenommen, wenn eine Messung von > 0,85 mm vorliegt. Im Bereich 55 - 70 J. liegt der Grenzwert wie bei Männern bei ≥ 1 mm.
Intima-media thickness in healthy subjects without risk factors for atherosclerosis
Background and objective: Ultrasound examination of the intima-media thickness (IMT) is a well accepted, highly reproducible method for the evaluation of early atherosclerosis. However, for the exact interpretation of these measurements reference values for IMT should be determined. The present work provides for the first time normal values for IMT of the common carotid artery and the arteries of the lower limbs (common femoral, superficial and popliteal arteries) in a German population of healthy subjects without risk factors.
Subjects and methods: A total of 112 subjects (50 men, 62 women), aged 40 to 70, were examined, according to the following inclusion criteria: no diabetes or marked elevation of postprandial plasma glucose; non-smokers; no hypertension, obesity, dys/hyperlipidaemia or albuminuria; no history of coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral arterial occlusion. IMT was measured and standardized by the method of Pignoli. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, HbA1c, plasma glucose (fasting and postprandial) and albuminuria were examined by routine methods.
Results: The mean values of double measurements bilaterally in the distal part of the common carotid artery in men were 0.79 (0.73...0.84) mm (40 - 54 years) and 0.87 (0.81...0.93) mm (55 - 70 years). In women the values were: - 0.70 (0.67...0.75) mm and 0.82 (0.75...0.90) mm, resp. In the group aged 40 - 54 years the men showed significantly higher IMT of all examined vessels in comparison to the women. In the group aged 55 - 70 years somewhat higher IMT of the common carotid artery and significantly higher IMT of the arteries of the lower extremity were observed in men. In multivariate analysis age was found to be a significant determinant of IMT of all examined vessels.
Conclusion: Intima-media thickening of the common carotid artery in men aged 40 - 70 years is to be accepted if a single measurement of IMT exceeds ≥ 1 mm. For women, aged 40 - 54 years, IMT is defined as pathological if one IMT is above 0.85 mm, and for those aged 55 - 70 years if IMT exceeds 1 mm.
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Korrespondenz
Dr. med. habil. Theodora Temelkova-Kurktschiev
Zentrum für Klinische Studien Forschungsbereich
Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, TU Dresden
Fiedlerstr. 3474
01307 Dresden
Telefon: 0351/4400 588