Influence of Natural and Synthetic Compounds on Cell Surface Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1

Abstract

Various natural and synthetic compounds including alkaloids, terpenoids and phenolics were tested for inhibition of the cell surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), both of which are crucial in the regulation of immune response and inflammation. Of 40 compounds tested, two compounds significantly downregulated the expression of VCAM-1 on murine endothelial cells (F-2) and ten compounds that of ICAM-1 on mouse myeloid leukemia cells (M1). Sanguinarine chloride (5) and isoliquiritigenin (13) were capable of lowering the levels of both ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. The structure-activity relationships study on chalcone and flavone derivatives related to 13 suggested that the inhibitory activity of the chalcone derivatives is attributable to the 4-hydroxy group as well as the possible coplanarity between the phenyl ring and the adjacent conjugated ketone.

Abbreviations

ICAM-1:intercellular adhesion molecule-1

LFA-1:leukocyte function associated antigen-1

VCAM-1:vascular cell adhesion molecule-1

VLA-4:very late antigen-4

Chalcone - cell adhesion molecule - ICAM-1 - VCAM-1 - immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory

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