Hemobahn-endoprotheses. Experiences with percutaneous femoral application
Summary
The self-expanding Polytetrafluoroethylene-lined nitinolstent Hemobahn offers from
its design a prophylaxis for re-occlusion after angioplasty of long femoral artery
occlusions. During the last two years we placed in 33 patients at 35 extremities a
total of 53 Hemobahns. Fontaine's clinical stages were: 30 × IIb, 1 × III and 4 ×
IV. The treated lesions were femoral stenoses (3 ×) and occlusions (32 × with mean
distance 12 cm). Follow-up-visits were after 3, 6 and 12 months. The mean ankle-brachial-index
changed from 0.49 to 0.85, post-interventional Fontaine's stages were: 24 × I, 5 ×
IIa, 2 × IIb and 4 × IV. The primary inhospital patency rate was 91 %. After 3 months
all primary/secondary patency rates were: 77 %/87 %, after 6 months 62 %/85 % and
after 1 year 40 %/67 %. Causes for re-occlusions were a poor “run off”, calcifications
and multiple vessel lesions. The results for “ideal indications” were much better.
Such “ideal indications” applied to: ≥ 1 cm “healthy” proximal and distal vascular
segments, missing lesions in the popliteal artery, at least one open lower leg vessel
and no severe calcifications. The primary/secondary patency rate was inhospital 100
% (n = 23), after 3 months 95/100 %, after 6 months 85/100 % and after 1 year 80/100
%. Side effects were local haematoma, pain in the prosthesis and temporarily temperature
reactions. Sonographically no re-stenoses at the limb ends were observed. Hemobahn-endoprostheses
are suited for therapy of long femoral artery occlusions. The medium patency rate
of “ideal indications” is higher than that of angioplasty with or without uncovered
stents.
Zusammenfassung
Der selbstexpandierende Polytetrafluoroethylen-innengecoverte Nitinol-Stent, synonym
Hemobahn-Endoprothese, bietet aufgrund seines Designs einen Ansatz zur Vermeidung
von Reokklusionen nach Angioplastie langer Verschlüsse der A. femoralis superficialis.
Ziel unserer prospektiven unizentrischen Studie war die Beurteilung der Früh- und
Spätergebnisse nach perkutan femoraler Anwendung. In den letzen zwei Jahren wurden
bei 33 Patienten an 35 Extremitäten insgesamt 53 Hemobahn-Endoprothesen perkutan transfemoral
plaziert. Klinisch bestanden die Fontaine-Stadien: 30mal II b, 1mal III und 4mal IV.
Die behandelten Läsionen waren: 3mal Stenosen, 32mal Verschlüsse mit einer mittleren
Verschlußstrecke von 12 cm. Die Patienten wurden primär, nach 3, 6 und 12 Monaten
angiologisch kontrolliert. Die Knöchel-Arm-Indices änderten sich von 0,49 auf 0,85,
klinisch bestanden postinterventionell die Fontaine-Stadien: 24mal I, 5mal II a, 2mal
II b und 4mal IV. Die primäre Offenheitsrate in der Klinik betrug 91 %. Nach 3 Monaten
„Follow-up” waren die primären/sekundären Offenheitsraten bezogen auf alle behandelten
und nachuntersuchten Extremitäten 77 %/87 %, nach 6 Monaten 62 %/85 % und nach 12
Monaten 40 %/67 %. Die Resultate waren für „Idealindikationen” deutlich besser. Als
„Idealindikationen” galten: ≥ 1 cm unauffälliges vor- und nachgeschaltetes Gefäßsegment,
fehlende Läsion im 1. Poplitealsegment, mindestens eine offene Unterschenkelarterie
und das Fehlen ausgeprägter Verkalkungen. So betrugen die primären/sekundären Offenheitsraten
in der Klinik 100 % (n = 23), nach 3 Monaten 95/100 %, nach 6 Monaten 85/100 % und
nach 12 Monaten 80/100 %. Nebenwirkungen bestanden in lokalen Hämatomen, Schmerzen
im Verlauf der Prothese und in vorübergehender Fieberreaktion. Duplexsonographisch
wurden Re-Stenosen an den Prothesenenden nicht beobachtet. Die Hemobahn-Endoprothese
eignet sich zur Therapie ausgewählter komplexer femoraler Gefäßläsionen und längerstreckiger
Verschlüsse. Die mittelfristige Offenheitsrate „idealer Indikationen” liegt über jener
der alleinigen Ballondilatation oder Stent-Therapie unter Nutzung ungecoverter Stents.
Key words
Hemobahn - nitinol stent - endovascular graft - peripheral arterial occlusive disease
- femoral artery
Schlüsselwörter
Hemobahn - Nitinol-Stent - Gefäßstent - Periphere arterielle Verschlußkrankheit -
Arteria femoralis superficialis
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Dr. M. Fischer
Gefäßzentrum Berlin Abteilung Innere Medizin Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge
Herzbergstraße 79
D-10362 Berlin