Zusammenfassung.
Ziel: Wertigkeit der kontrastmittelverstärkten 3D-MR-Angiographie-Technik in der Aequilibriumsphase zur Darstellung der Venen der oberen Thoraxapertur bei Patienten mit duplexsonographischem Verdacht auf Venenthrombose, funktionell-venöse Flussbehinderung oder Einflussstauung unklarer Genese. Material und Methode: Über einen Zeitraum von 4 Monaten wurden die Venen der oberen Thoraxapertur von 14 Patienten MR-angiographisch untersucht (Magnetom Sonata®, Siemens, Erlangen). Zur Darstellung der Gefäße wurde eine ultraschnelle 3D-FLASH-Sequenz in koronarer Schnittführung mit einer Akquisitionszeit von 3,74 s (TR 1,6 ms, TE 0,6 ms, Flipwinkel 15 °, Slabdicke 110 mm, effektive Schichtdicke 2,75 mm, 40 Partitionen, FOV 360 mm, Matrix 140 × 256) eingesetzt. Ohne Testbolus wurden 20 ml Gd-BOPTA (MultiHance®, Bracco, Italien) gefolgt von 20 ml NaCl mit einer Flussrate von 4 ml/s injiziert (MEDRAD®, Pittsburgh, USA). 10 Sekunden nach Beginn der KM-Injektion wurden 6 3D-Datensätze in unmittelbarer Folge während einer einzigen Atemanhalteperiode (24 s) akquiriert. Ergebnisse: Die kontrastmittelverstärkte MR-Venographie lieferte bei allen Patienten diagnostisch verwertbare Bildsequenzen. Im Vergleich zur Duplexsonographie wurden Thrombosen, postthrombotische Ver-änderungen sowie funktionelle Abflussstörungen zuverlässig erkannt. Schlussfolgerung: Das vorgestellte Verfahren erlaubt die diagnostische Darstellung der Venen der oberen Thoraxapertur. Die dynamische Akquisition von 3D-Datensätzen ermöglicht die Darstellung der arteriellen und venösen Gefäßsysteme in den unterschiedlichen Kontrastmitteldurchflutungsphasen von früh-arteriell bis spät-venös. Der repetitive Einsatz der Technik mit unterschiedlichen Armpositionen ermöglicht ferner eine Darstellung funktioneller Gefäßstenosen.
Contrast-Enhanced 3D MR Venography of Thoracic Central Veins: Preliminary Experience.
Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of three-dimensional (3D) gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) venography for evaluation of thoracic central veins. Materials and Methods: Over a 4-month period, 14 patients with suspected central venous abnormalities were examined on a 1.5 T scanner (Magnetom Sonata®, SIEMENS, Germany) by means of MR venography. A FLASH-3D sequence using the following parameters was employed: TR 1,6 ms, TE 0.6 ms, TA 3.74 s, flip: 15 °, slab thickness 110 mm, effective slice thickness: 2.75 mm, 40 partitions, FOV 360 mm, matrix 140 × 256. 10 s prior to imaging 20 ml of Gd-DOPTA (Multihance®, BRACCO, Italy) were automatically injected (MEDRAD®, Pittsburgh, USA) flushed by 20 ml of normal saline (flow 4 ml/s). Six 3D data sets were acquired in immediate succession in under 24 s. Results were corroborated with findings from duplex sonography. Results: MR venograms were of diagnostic quality for all 14 patients. Compared to duplex sonography thromboses, postthrombotic changes as well as functional compressions were reliably detected. Unsuspected findings were found in two patients. Conclusion: The outlined strategy allows for dynamic diagnostic imaging of central thoracic veins. Gadolinium-enhanced breath-hold 3D MR venography is easy to perform, well tolerated and highly accurate in assessing central venous pathology.
Schlüsselwörter:
MR-Venographie - Obere Thoraxapertur - Thrombose
Key words:
Magnetic resonance vascular studies - MR venography - Thrombosis
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Dr. med. Mathias Goyen
Zentralinstitut für Röntgendiagnostik Universitätsklinikum Essen
Hufelandstraße 55 45122 Essen
Phone: + 49-201-7231501
Fax: + 49-201-7231548
Email: mathias.goyen@uni-essen.de