Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Ziel
der vorliegenden Studie war es, zu untersuchen, inwieweit der Nachweis
von anti-SLA/LP-Autoantikörper bei Patienten mit
primär biliärer Zirrhose einen Hinweis auf eine
hepatitische Verlaufsform bzw. ein Autoimmune Hepatitis/Primär
biliäre Zirrhose(AIH/PBC)-Overlapsyndrom gibt.
Patienten und Methodik: Aus 233 konsekutiven PBC-Patienten,
die zwischen Oktober 1980 und April 2000 betreut worden waren, wurden
die Daten anti-SLA/LP-positiver Patienten ausgewertet und
mit Verläufen von Patienten mit anti-SLA/LP-negativem
AIH/PBC-Overlapsyndrom sowie mit klassischer Verlaufsform
einer PBC und AIH verglichen.
Ergebnisse: Insgesamt konnten neun PBC-Patienten
(sechs Frauen/drei Männer) oder 3,9 % des
Patientenkollektivs identifiziert werden, die anti-SLA/LP-Autoantikörper
aufwiesen. Diese waren bei Diagnosestellung etwas jünger
als anti-SLA/LP-negative PBC-Patienten (49,9 vs. 53,2 Jahre).
Transaminasen und γ-Globuline lagen bei den anti-SLA/LP-positiven
PBC-Patienten deutlich höher als bei anti-SLA/LP-negativen
PBC-Patienten (Mittelwert : 235 vs. 55 IU/l und
27,6 vs. 19,5 g/l). Anti-SLA/LP-positive
Patienten wiesen signifikant häufiger einen für
die AIH typischen HLA-Typ auf (B8; DR3; DR4). Eine immunsuppressive Therapie
führte zu einer deutlichen Abnahme der entzündlichen Aktivität
und der laborchemischen Cholestase. Nach Reduktion oder Absetzen
der Immunsuppression waren Rezidive häufig.
Folgerung: Der
Nachweis von anti-SLA/LP-Antikörpern bei PBC-Patienten
ist hochspezifisch für das Vorliegen eines AIH/PBC-Overlapsyndrom.
Diese Patienten sprechen gut auf eine immunsuppressive Therapie
an. Das Autoantikörperprofil und die Immungenetik könnten
in Zukunft weiterhelfen, PBC-Patienten zu identifizieren, die besonders
von einer immunsuppressiven Therapie profitieren.
Presence of SLA/LP-autoantibodies
in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis as a marker for secondary
autoimmune hepatitis (overlap syndome)
Background and objective: The aim of
this study was to evaluate whether the presence of SLA/LP-autoantibodies
in PBC-patients gives evidence for a secondary AIH, also called
AIH/PBC-overlap-syndrome.
Patients and methods: Out of 233 consecutive patients
with PBC who had been followed between October 1980 and April 2000,
we evaluated the data of anti-SLA/LP-positive patients
and compared them to patients with an anti-SLA/LP-negative
AIH/PBC overlap syndrome as well as to patients with a
classical course of AIH and PBC.
Results: In total we could identify
nine PBC patients with anti-SLA/LP antibodies (six women/three
men) or 3.9 % of the study population. Anti-SLA/LP-positive
PBC patients were slightly younger at diagnosis in comparison to
anti-SLA/LP-negative PBC-patients (49,9 vs. 53.2 years).
Transaminases and γ-globulins were significantly higher
in anti-SLA/LP-positive PBC-patients in comparison to anti-SLA/LP-negative
PBC-patients (mean: 235 vs. 55 IU/l and 27.6 vs. 19.5 g/l).
Anti-SLA/LP-positive patients significantly more frequently
had an HLA-type that is characteristic for AIH (B8; DR3; DR4). Immunosuppressive
therapy reduced inflammatory activity and cholestasis significantly.
Relapses were frequent after reduction or discontinuation of immunosuppressive
therapy.
Conclusion: The presence of SLA/LP
autoantibodies in PBC patients has a high specificity for a secondary
AIH (AIH/PBC overlap syndrome). These patients have a good
response to immunosuppressive therapy. The autoantibody profile
and immunogenetics may help in future to identify PBC patients that
benefit most from immunosuppressive therapy.
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Fußnoten
1 Die AIH- und PBC-Patienten, mit den die
hier beschriebenen anti-SLA/LP-positiven PBC-Patienten
verglichen wurden, entstammen aus der Veröffentlichung:
Lohse et al.; Hepatology 1999; 29: 1078-1084.
Korrespondenz
Prof. Dr. A.W. Lohse
I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklink Johannes
Gutenberg Universität
Langenbeckstraße 1
55101 Mainz
Telefon: 06131/177389
Fax: 06131/17272
eMail: lohse@mail.uni-mainz.de