Download PDF
Aktuelle Neurologie 2001; 28(5): 214-218
DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-14444
ÜBERSICHT
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Paroxysmale Phänomene bei multipler Sklerose

Paroxysmal Phenomena in Multiple SclerosisJ. Kesselring
  • Chefarzt Neurologie, Rehabilitationszentrum, Valens, Schweiz
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
31 December 2001 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Zusammenfassung

Paroxysmale Phänomene sind nicht so seltene und recht typische klinische Manifestationen der multiplen Sklerose. Diese Sekunden oder wenige Minuten dauernden Ausfalls- oder Reizerscheinungen von Seiten verschiedener Bereiche im ZNS lassen sich am ehesten durch ephaptische Impulsübertragung infolge myelino-axonaler Dissoziation innerhalb der MS-Plaque erklären. Sie sollten deshalb erkannt werden, weil sie auch bereits als Initialsymptome der Krankheit vorkommen können, für die Betroffenen sehr unangenehm sind und oft auf eine Behandlung mit Antiepileptika gut ansprechen.

Paroxysmal Phenomena in Multiple Sclerosis

Paroxysmal phenomena are rare but relatively typical clinical symptoms of multiple sclerosis which may occasionally occur as initial manifestation of the disease. Such shortlived clinical symptoms and signs are probably caused by ephaptic impulse transmission due to myelino-axonal dissociation within the demyelinated plaque. They should be recognized since they can serve as clinical indicators of the disease and can be treated efficiently with antiepileptic drugs.

Literatur

  • 1 Kesselring J. Multiple Sklerose, 4. Auflage. Stuttgart; Kohlhammer Verlag 2001
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Uhthoff W. Untersuchungen über die bei der multiplen Herdsklerose vorkommenden Augenstörungen.  Arch Psychiat Nervenkrankh. 1890;  21 55-116, 303 - 410
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Davis F A, Schauf C L. Pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. In: Davison AN et al (eds) Multiple sclerosis research. Amsterdam; Elsevier 1975: 102-131
    Google Scholar
  • 4 McDonald W I, Compston D AS, Edan G. et al .Diagnostic Criteria for MS: Guidelines from the International Panel on the Diagnosis of MS. Ann Neurol 2001 (im Druck)
    Google Scholar
  • 5 Leube W. Über multiple inselförmige Sklerose des Gehirns und des Rückenmarkes.  Dtsch Arch klin Med. 1871;  8 1-27
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Boudin P, Masson S, Vacheron-Haglin F. et al . Electro-clinical study of 187 cases of disseminated sclerosis, 11 with clinical signs of epilepsy.  EEG Clin Neurophysiol. 1966;  20 209
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Trouillas P, Courjon J. Epilepsy with multiple sclerosis.  Epilepsia. 1972;  13 325-333
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Engelsen B A, Gronning M. Epileptic seizures in patients with multiple sclerosis. Is the prognosis of epilepsy underestimated?.  Seizure. 1997;  6 377-382
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Moreau T, Sochurkova D, Lemesle M. et al . Epilepsy in patients with multiple sclerosis: radiological-clinical correlations.  Epilepsia. 1998;  39 839-896
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Kinnunen E, Wikstrom J. Prevalence and prognosis of epilepsy in patients with multiple sclerosis.  Epilepsia. 1986;  27 729-733
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Olafsson E, Benedicz J, Hauser W A. Risk of epilepsy in patients with multiple sclerosis: a population-based study in Iceland.  Epilepsia. 1999;  40 745-747
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Kesselring J. Paroxysmale Phänomene bei der multiplen Sklerose.  Schweiz Med Wschr. 1985;  115 1954-1059
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Janz D. Die Epilepsien, 2. Auflage. Stuttgart; Thieme Verlag 1998
    Google Scholar
  • 14 Drake W E, Macrae D. Epilepsy in multiple sclerosis.  Neurology. 1961;  11 810-819
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Thompson A J, Kermode A G, Moseley I F. et al . Seizures due to multiple sclerosis: seven patients with MRI correlations.  J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1993;  56 1317-1320
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Truyen L, Barkhof F, Frequin S T. et al . Magnetic resonance imaging of epilepsy in multiple sclerosis: a case-control study. Implications for treatment trials with 4-Aminopyridine.  Mult Scler. 1996;  1 213-217
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Murillo M J, Alardo Y, Mompeo B. et al . Crise épiléptique et sclérose enplaques: corrélation anatomo-clinique.  Rev Neurol (Paris). 1999;  29 508-510
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Brownell B, Hughes J T. Distribution of plaques in the cerebrum in multiple sclerosis.  J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1962;  25 315-320
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Miller D H, Kesselring J, McDonald W I. et al .Magnetresonanz bei multipler Sklerose. Stuttgart; Kohlhammer Verlag 1998
    Google Scholar
  • 20 Quandt J. Multiple Sklerose und Epilepsie. Ein neuropathologischer Beitrag.  Arch Psychiat ges Neurol. 1957;  195 424-434
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Smith B J, Elsevich K. Surgical treatment of intractable epilepsy attributable to multiple sclerosis.  Neurology. 1998;  51 606-608
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Gass A, Kitchen N, MacManus D G. et al . Trigeminal neuralgia in patients with multiple sclerosis: lesion localization with magnetic resonance imaging.  Neurology. 1997;  49 1142-1144
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Crooks D A, Miles J B. Trigeminal neuralgia due to vascular compression in multiple sclerosis - post mortem findings.  Br J Neurosurg. 1996;  10 85-88
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Meaney J F, Watt J W, Eldridge P R. et al . Association between trigeminal neuralgia and multiple sclerosis: role of magnetic resonance imaging.  J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995;  59 253-259
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Hooge J P, Redekop W K. Trigeminal neuralgia in multiple sclerosis.  Neurology. 1995;  45 1294-1296
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Matthews W B. Tonic seizures in disseminated sclerosis.  Brain. 1958;  81 193-206
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Castaigne P, Cambier J, Masson M. et al . Les manifestations motrices paroxystiques de la sclérose en plaques.  Presse méd. 1970;  78 1921-1924
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Perks W H, Lascelle R G. Paroxysmal brain stern dysfunction as presenting feature of multiple sclerosis.  Br med J. 1976;  II 1175-1176
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Shibasaki H, Kuroiwa Y. Painful tonic seizures in multiple sclerosis.  Arch Neurol. 1974;  30 47-51
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Toyokura Y, Sakuta M, Nakanishi T. Painful tonic seizures in multiple sclerosis.  Neurology. 1976;  26 18-19
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Matthews W B. Symptoms and signs of multiple sclerosis. In: Compston A, Ebers G, Matthews B et al (eds) McAlpine's Multiple Sclerosis. 3rd edition. Edinburgh; Churchill Livingston 1998: 145-190
    Google Scholar
  • 32 Demirkian M, Jankovic J. Paroxysmal dyskinesias: clinical features and classification.  Ann Neurol. 1995;  38 571-679
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Bathia K P. The paroxysmal dyskinesias.  J Neurol. 1999;  246 149-155
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Twomey J A, Espir M LE. Paroxysmal symptoms as the first manifestation of multiple sclerosis.  J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1980;  43 296-304
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Watson C P, Chiu M. Painful tonic seizures in multiple sclerosis: localisation of a lesion.  J Canad Sci Neurol. 1979;  6 359-361
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Sozzi G, Marotta P, Piatti L. et al . Paroxysmal sensory-motor attacks due to a spinal cord lesion identified by MRI.  J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1987;  50 490-492
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Burguera J A, Català J, Casanova B. Thalamic demyelination and paroxysmal dystonia in multiple sclerosis.  Mov Dis. 1991;  6 379-381
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Lugaresi A, Uncini A, Gambi D. Basal ganglia involvement in multiple sclerosis with alternating side paroxysmal dystonia.  J Neurol. 1993;  240 257-258
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Wilson S AK, McBride H J. Epilepsy as a symptom of disseminated sclerosis.  J Neurol Psychopath. 1925;  6 91
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Smith K J, McDonald W I. The pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis: the mechanisms underlying the production of symptoms and the natural history f the disease.  Phil Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1999;  354 1649-1673
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Maimon D, Reder A T, Finocchiaro F. et al . Internal capsule plaque and tonic spasms in multiple sclerosis.  Arch Neurol. 1991;  48 427-429
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Ekbom K A, Westerberg C E, Osterman P O. Focal sensory motor seizures of spinal origin.  Lancet. 1966;  I 67
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Lhermitte J, Bollack J, Nicolas M. Les douleurs à type de décharge électrique consécutives à la flexion céphalique dans la sclérose en plaques: un cas de forme sensitive de la sclerose multiple.  Rev Neurol (Paris). 1924;  2 56-62
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Babinski J, Dubois R. Douleurs à forme de décharge électrique consécutives aux traumatismes de la nuque.  Presse méd. 1918;  26 64
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Kanchandani R, Howe J G. Lhermitte's sign in multiple sclerosis. A clinical survey and review of the literature.  J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1982;  45 308-312
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Gautier-Smith P C. Lhermitte's sign in subacute combined degeneration of the cord.  J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1973;  36 861-863
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Godwin-Austen R H, Howell D A, Worthington H. Observations on radiation myelopathy.  Brain. 1975;  98 557-568
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 48 Smith K J, McDonald W I. Spontaneous and mechanically evoked activity due to central demyelinating lesion.  Nature. 1980;  286 154-155
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 49 Wolf P, Assmus H. Paroxysmale Dysarthrie und Ataxie.  J Neurol. 1974;  208 27-38
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 50 Osterman P O, Westerberg C E. Paroxysmal attacks in multiple sclerosis.  Brain. 1975;  98 189-202
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Berger J R, Sheremata W A, Mekamed E. Paroxysmal dystonia as the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis.  Arch Neurol. 1984;  41 747-750
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 52 McFarling O A, Susac J O. „Hoquet diabolique”: intractable hiccup as a manifestation of multiple sclerosis.  Neurology. 1979;  29 797-801
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 53 Osterman P O. Paroxysmal itching in multiple sclerosis.  Brit J Derm. 1976;  95 555-558
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 54 Koeppel M C, Bramont C, Ceccaldi M. et al . Paroxysmal pruritus and multiple sclerosis.  Br J Dermatol. 1993;  129 597-598
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 55 Moulin D E, Foley K M, Ebers G C. Pain syndromes in multiple sclerosis.  Neurology. 1988;  38 1830-1834
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 56 Vaney C. Schmerzen bei multipler Sklerose. Klinik und Therapie.  Schweiz Med Wschr. 1990;  120 1959-1964
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 57 Postert T, McMonagle U, Buttner T. et al . Paroxysmal convergence spasm in multiple sclerosis.  Acta Neurol Scand. 1996;  94 35-37
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 58 Ezra E, Plant G T. Paroxysmal superior rectus and levator palpebrae spasm: a unique presentation of multiple sclerosis.  Br J Ophthalmol. 1996;  80 187-188
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 59 Bronstein A M. Visually induced paroxysmal nausea and vomiting as presenting manifestation of multiple sclerosis.  J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1996;  60 703
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 60 Espir M LE, Millac P. Treatment of paroxysmal disorders in multiple sclerosis with carbamazepine (Tegretol).  J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1970;  33 528-531
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 61 Solaro C, Lunardi G L, Capello E. et al . An open-label trial of gabapentin treatment of paroxysmal symptoms in multiple sclerosis patients.  Neurology. 1998;  51 609-611
    PubMedGoogle Scholar

Prof. Jürg Kesselring

Chefarzt Neurologie
Rehabilitationszentrum

7317 Valens
Schweiz

Email: kesselring.klival@spin.ch

      >