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DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-14498
Ulkuskrankheit und Dyspepsie - Was ist therapeutisch belegt ?
Ulcerative disease and dyspepsia: which treatment is proven?Publication History
Publication Date:
11 September 2002 (online)

Dyspepsie ist ein auf den Oberbauch projizierter Beschwerdekomplex, dem unterschiedliche organische Erkrankungen oder funktionelle Störungen des oberen Gastrointestinaltraktes zugrunde liegen. An Dyspepsie leiden sehr viele Menschen, und aus Ländern, in denen epidemiologische Untersuchungen zur Dyspepsie durchgeführt wurden, wissen wir, dass etwa 5 % aller ärztlichen Konsultationen in der Praxis wegen dyspeptischer Beschwerden erfolgen [2] [51]. Die entstehenden Kosten für das Gesundheitssystem und die Volkswirtschaft sind beträchtlich [3].
Zur Abklärung dyspeptischer Beschwerden nimmt die Ösophago-Gastro-Duodenoskopie einen primären Stellenwert ein. Dabei werden bei etwa 30 % bis zur Hälfte der Patienten strukturelle Veränderungen des oberen Gastrointestinaltraktes nachgewiesen. Häufigster organischer Befund ist das peptische Ulkus im Zwölffingerdarm oder Magen. Häufig werden auch strukturelle Veränderungen der Speiseröhre mit Ausprägung erosiver Läsionen (Refluxösophagitis) gefunden. Allerdings ist die Refluxösophagitis ebenso wie das Vorliegen des Leitsymptoms Sodbrennen ohne weitere Begleitsymptome als eigenständige nosologische Entität »Gastroösophageale Refluxkrankheit« getrennt von der Dyspepsie zu sehen. Wird bei einer gründlichen klinischen und instrumentellen Diagnostik dyspeptischer Beschwerden mittels Laboruntersuchungen, Ultraschall und Endoskopie keine organische Erklärung für die Beschwerden gefunden, so wird dieses Krankheitsbild heute als funktionelle Dyspepsie [49] definiert.
Im Nachfolgenden werden das aktuelle Vorgehen in der Behandlung der peptischen Ulkuskrankheit und der Dyspepsie, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der funktionellen Dyspepsie, dargestellt.
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Korrespondenz
Prof. Dr. med. P. Malfertheiner
Klinik für Gastroenterologie Hepatologie
und Infektionserkrankungen Otto-von-Guericke-Universität
Magdeburg
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39120 Magdeburg