Zusammenfassung.
Studienziel: Die Behandlung des chronischen
Rückenschmerzes ist eines der schwierigsten und kostenintensivsten
Probleme in der industrialisierten Welt. Zahlreiche Studien zeigen, dass der
chronische Rückenschmerzpatient eine deutliche Kraftminderung der
Lumbalextensoren aufweist. Die isolierte Lumbalextensorenkräftigung fand
Anfang der 90er Jahre Einzug in das Behandlungskonzept des chronischen
Rückenschmerzes. Methode: Im Sinne einer
Metaanalyse wurden zu dem Themenkomplex der isolierten
Lumbalextensorenkräftigung vorliegende Publikationen ausgewertet und nach
einem international gebräuchlichen Schlüssel validiert.
Ergebnisse: Aus 21 Publikationen und Abstrakts konnten
1100 Fälle gesammelt werden, wovon 895 Fälle aus einer einzigen
Studie stammen. Es fand sich keine Studie (Typ A), die prospektiv mit
Kontrollgruppe und adäquater Nachuntersuchung geplant war. Die
untersuchten Studien zeigen eine Reduktion von Schmerz, Verbesserung der
Beweglichkeit, eine Verbesserung des Beschwerdebildes und eine Zunahme der
Lumbalextensorenkraft. Schlussfolgerung: Prospektiv,
randomisierte und kontrollierte Studien mit adäquaten
Nachuntersuchungszeiträumen und Vergleichsstudien mit anderen
Therapieansätzen sind dringend notwendig um das Therapiekonzept der
isolierten Kräftigung der Lumbalextensoren zu validieren.
Aim: Low back pain ranks high among the
reasons for physican office visits and is costly in terms of medical treatment.
A number of studies have shown that low back pain patients have significantly
lower trunk strength when compared with healthy controls. The working
hypothesis at the beginning of the 1990's was that low back pain patients
could be treated effectively using lumbar extension exercise. Method: 21 papers and abstracts reporting on lumbar
extension training are rated. Validation was performed for each paper according
to the internationally accepted system of the American Association of Spine
Surgery in types A-E. Results: 1100 cases from 21
publications and abstracts dealing with lumbar extension training were
evaluated. We did not find a single type A study in our search. The clinical
outcome of the studies was a reduction of pain, improvement of range of motion,
improvement of spinal condition and of the lumbar extension strength.
Conclusion: Prospective, randomized, controlled studies
with long-term results should help to delineate further the role of isolated
lumbar extension exercise for the treatment of low back pain and to test the
efficancy compared to other methods of care.
Schlüsselwörter:
chronischer Rückenschmerz - MedX - Lumbalextensoren - Review - Wirbelsäulenrehabilitation
Key words:
chronic low back pain - MedX - lumbar extension - review - vertebral rehabilitation
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Dr. med. Oliver Miltner
Orthopädische Universitätsklinik der RWTH Aachen
Pauwelsstr. 30
52074 Aachen
Fax: Fax 0241/8888507
Email: E-mail: Miltner.Heuter@t-online.de