Summary
Although α1 -proteinase inhibitor
(α1 -PI), the main serine proteinase inhibitor in human plasma,
is predominantly liver-derived, the proof of fecal α1 -PI is a
maker for intestinal protein loss. Furthermore, α1 -PI is
synthesized locally by human intestinal epithelial cell lines (e. g. Caco-2).
Therefore, we investigated the diagnostic value of a new enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect α1 -PI in serum, feces,
and Caco-2 supernatants in comparison with radial immunodiffusion (RID).
α1 -PI concentrations assessed by ELISA were on an average
30 % higher than those measured by RID. Only the ELISA system
detected α1 -PI in supernatants of Caco-2 cells. Our data imply
first that this ELISA system is more sensitive to assess α1 -PI
than other methods, and second that it obviously determines locally synthesized
α1 -PI which can not be liver-derived. However, further
examinations are necessary to distinguish between enterocyte-derived or
systemic α1 -PI and its diagnostic relevance in bowel
disease.
Bestimmung des α1 -Proteinaseinhibitors mit einem
neuen Enzyme-linked Immunosorbant Assay im Stuhl, Serum und in einer
enterozytenähnlichen Zelllinie
Obwohl der α1 -Proteinaseinhibitor
(α1 -PI) den überwiegenden Anteil der
Serinproteinaseinhibitoren im humanen Serum ausmacht und hauptsächlich in
der Leber synthetisiert wird, gilt sein fäkaler Nachweis als Marker
für den intestinalen Eiweißverlust. Darüber hinaus wird
α1 -PI auch lokal von humanen intestinalen Zelllinien
synthetisiert. (z. B. Caco-2). Vor diesem Hintergrund haben wir im Vergleich
zur radialen Immundiffusion (RID) den diagnostischen Wert eines neuen
Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) getestet, um α1 -PI
im Serum, im Stuhl und in Caco-2-Zellkulturüberständen zu
detektieren. Im Durchschnitt lagen die mittels ELISA ermittelten
α1 -PI-Konzentrationen 30 % über den
entsprechenden Werten im RID. Ferner konnte nur im ELISA-System
α1 -PI in den Zellkulturüberständen nachgewiesen
werden. Die hier vorgestellten Daten zeigen, dass dieser ELISA-Test zum
Nachweis von α1 -PI wesentlich empfindlicher ist als andere
Methoden und dass er offensichtlich bestimmte Formen des α1 -PI
erkennen kann, die nicht in der Leber synthetisiert werden. Zur weiteren
Differenzierung zwischen dem hepatischem und dem enteralen
α1 -PI und seiner diagnostischen Bedeutung im Zusammenhang mit
Darmerkrankungen sind hierüber hinausgehende Untersuchungen notwendig.
Key words
α1 -proteinase
Inhibitor - Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Colonic Cell
Line - ELISA
Schlüsselwörter
α1 -Proteinaseinhibitor - Chronisch-entzündliche
Darmerkrankung - Kolonepithel-Zelllinie - ELISA
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Address for correspondence
Jürgen Stein, MD, PhD
2nd Department of Internal Medicine Division of
Gastroenterology Johann Wolfgang Goethe University
60596 Frankfurt, Germany
Email: J.Stein@em.uni-frankfurt.de