Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-17492
Allogene Transplantation maligner Lymphome
Allogeneic transplantation in malignant lymphomaPublication History
Publication Date:
27 September 2001 (online)
Fragestellung: Die allogene Transplantation von Knochenmark und mobilisierten Blutstammzellen (PBSCT) ist in der Behandlung maligner Lymphome eine viel diskutierte Option. Wir stellen unsere Ergebnisse vor, die mit dieser Behandlungsform bei anderweitig nicht behandelbaren Patienten erzielt wurden.
Methode: Retrospektiv wurden die Daten der Patienten mit malignen Lymphomen ausgewertet, bei denen zwischen 1985 und 2001 am Klinikum der Universität München Großhadern eine allogene Transplantation durchgeführt wurde.
Ergebnisse: Bei 56 Patienten wurden allogene Transplantationen durchgeführt. 24 hatten ein niedrig-malignes Lymphom (follikuläre L.: n = 8; Mantelzelllymphom: n = 6) einschließlich chronischer lymphatischer Leukämie (CLL: n = 10), 16 ein hoch-malignes Lymphom (immunoblastisch/lymphoblastisch: n = 5; großzellig/diffus: n = 5). Bei 8 Patienten wurde wegen rezidiviertem M. Hodgkin transplantiert. Der Altersdurchschnitt betrug 41 Jahre. 34 Patienten erhielten ein Transplantat von einem HLA-identischen Geschwister, 19 von einem HLA-identischen, unverwandten Spender und drei von einem verwandten Spender mit HLA-Differenzen. 30 Patienten erhielten Knochenmark, 26 PBSCT. Bei 22 Patienten war die Konditionierung für die Transplantation intensiv mit 12 Gy Ganzkörperbestrahlung, bei 34 war die Strahlendosis reduziert. Derzeit überleben 25 Patienten zwischen 2 Monaten und mehr als 15 Jahren. Die Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit nach 2 Jahren beträgt 48,2 % für niedrig-maligne Lymphome inkl. CLL, 9,3 % für hochmaligne Lymphome und 25 % für M. Hodgkin. Etwa 87 % der Patienten mit follikulärem Lymphom sind langfristig in kompletter Remission. Nach einem Jahr beträgt die Transplantations-assoziierte Mortalität 33,9 % bei allen Patienten. Insgesamt beträgt sie 44,4 %.
Folgerungen: Die allogene Transplantation kann bei anderweitig nicht behandelbaren Patienten mit malignen Lymphomen lang anhaltende Remissionen erzielen. Besonders bei Patienten mit follikulären und anderen niedrig malignen Lymphomen sind die Ergebnisse günstig. Wie bei fortgeschrittenen Stadien zu erwarten, ist die Therapie-assoziierte Toxizität sehr hoch. Bislang ist nicht klar, ob diese Toxizität mit einer Dosis-reduzierten Konditionierung und PBSCT langfristig vermindert werden kann.
Allogeneic transplantation in malignant lymphoma
Introduction: Allogeneic transplantation of bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells is a frequently discussed therapeutic option in the treatment of malignant lymphoma. By analysing the results of our own transplant program in patients with advanced lymphoma we tried to evaluate indications for allogeneic transplantations.
Methods: Data from lymphoma patients treated at the Klinikum Großhadern between 1985 and 2001 were analysed retrospectively.
Results: 56 patients were included. 24 patients had low grade Non-Hogdkin`s lymphoma (NHL) (follicular lymphoma: n = 8, mantle cell lymphoma: n = 6) or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL: n = 10), 16 patients had high grade NHL (immunoblastic/lymphoblastic: n = 5; large cell/diffuse: n = 5) and 8 patients suffered from Hodgkins`s disease. Median age was 41 years, 34 patients were transplanted from an HLA-identical sibling, 19 from an HLA-id. unrelated donor and three from an HLA-mismatched related donor. 30 patients received bone marrow and 26 peripheral blood stem cells. 22 pat. were treated with an intensive 12 Gy TBI containing conditioning regimen, whereas 34 patients were treated with a dose-intensity reduced conditioning procedere. 25 patients are alive between 2 month and 15 years after transplantation. Overall survival after 2 years is 48 % for patients with low grade NHL (incl. CLL), 9.3 % for patients with high grade lymphoma and 25 % for patients with Hodgkin`s disease. 1-year-transplant-related mortality (TRM) was 33.9 % in all patients. Dose-intensity-reduced conditioning was not able to reduce TRM.
Conclusions: Allogeneic bone marrow or stem cell transplantation is able to induce long lasting complete remissions in patients with heavily pretreated malignant lymphoma. Results of allogeneic transplantation are encouraging in patients with follicular and other low grade lymphoma. However transplant-related toxicity is high. At present the impact of reducing the intensity of conditioning is not yet clear.
Literatur
- 1 Chopra R. et al . Autologous versus allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 1992; 10 1690-1695
- 2 Cull G M, Haynes A P, Byrne J L. Preliminary experience of allogeneic stem cell transplantation for lymphoproliferative disorders using BEAM-CAMPATH conditioning. Brit J Haematol. 2000; 108 754-760
- 3 Cutler C, Giri S, Jeyapalan S. et al . Incidence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell and bone marrow transplantation: a meta-analysis. Blood. 2000; 96 205a
- 4 Dann E J, Daugherty C K, Larson R A. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for relapsed and refractrory Hodgkin`s disease and non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997; 20 369-374
- 5 DeMagalhaes-Silverman M, Donnenberg A, Hammert L. et al . Induction of graft-versus-leukemia effect in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997; 20 1754-1757
- 6 Dreger P. et al . Reduced-intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation as salvage treatment for patients with indolent lymphoma or CLL after failure of autologous SCT. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000; 26 1361-3
- 7 Gajewski J L, Phillips G L. et al . Bone marrow transplants from HLA-identical siblings in advanced Hodgkin`disease. J Clin Oncol. 1996; 14 572-8
- 8 Gratwohl A. Organisational Aspects. Paris: ESH In: Apperley JF, Gluckman E, Gratwohl, ed. The EBMT Handbook 2000 Revised Ed 2000: 22-3
- 9 Jones R J, Ambinder R F, Piantadosi S, Santos G W. Evidence of a graft-versus-lymphoma effect associated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood. 1991; 77 649-653
- 10 Jones R J. et al . High dose cytotoxic therapy and bone marrow transplantation for relapsed Hodgkin`s disease. J Clin Oncol. 1990; 8 527-537
- 11 Jones R F. Evidence of a graft-versus-lymphoma effect associated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood. 1991; 77 649-653
- 12 Juckett M. et al . T cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for high-risk non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma: clinical and molecular follow-up. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1998; 21 893-899
- 15 Khouri I F, Keating M, Korbling M. et al . Transplant-lite: induction of graft-versus-malignancy using fludarabine-based non-ablative chemotherapy and allogeneic blood progenitor-cell transplantation as treatment for lymphoid malignancies. J Clin Oncol. 1998; 16 2817-2824
- 16 Khouri I F, Lee M K, Romaguera J. et al . Allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation for mantle cell lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 1999; 10 1293-1299
- 17 Khouri I, Salima R, Giralt S. et al . Allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation for indolent lymphomas. Blood. 2000; 96 853, 199a
- 18 Mehta J, Powles R, Singhal S. et al . Clinical and hematologic response of chronic lymphocytic and prolymphocytic leukemia persisting after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with the onset of acute graft-versus-host disease. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996; 17 371-375
- 19 Mendoza E, Territo M, Schiller G, Lill M, Kumkel L, Wolin M. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for Hodgkin`s and non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1995; 15 299-303
- 20 Michallet M, Archimbaud E, Bandini G. et al . HLA-identical sibling bone marrow transplantation in younger patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Ann Int Med. 1996; 124 311-315
- 22 Milpied N, Fielding A K, Pearce R M, Ernst P, Goldstone A H. Allogeneic bone marrow transplant is not better than autologous for patients with relapsed Hodgkin`s disease. J Clin Oncol. 1996; 14 1291-1296
- 23 Mitterbauer M. et al . Long-term clinical and molecular remission after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) in patients with poor prognosis non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma. Leukemia. 2001; 15 635-641
- 24 Nagler A. et al . Allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation using a fludarabine-based low intensity conditioning regimen for malignant lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000; 25 1021-8
- 25 Pavletic Z S. et al . Outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation for B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000; 25 717-22
- 26 Powles R. et al . Allogeneic blood and bone-marrow stem-cell transplantation in haematological malignant diseases. Lancet. 2000; 335 1231-7
- 27 Ratanatharathorn V, Uberti J, Karanes C. et al . Prospective comparative treal of autologous versus allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in patientes with non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma. Blood. 1994; 84 1050-1055
- 28 Robinson S, Mackinnon S, Goldstane A H. et al . Higher than expected transplant related mortality and relapse following non-myeloablative stem cell transplantationfor lymphoma adversely effects progression free survival. Blood. 2000; 96 554a
- 29 Rondon G, Giralt S, Huh Y. et al . Graft-versus-leukemia effect after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996; 18 669-672
- 30 Slavin S, Nagler A, Naparstek E. et al . Nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation and cell therapy as an alternative to conventional bone marrow transplantation with lethal cytoreduction for the treatment of malignant and nonmalignant hematologic diseases. Blood. 1998; 91 756-763
- 31 Schmitz N. et al . Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation vs. Filgrastim-mobilised peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation in patients with early leukaemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1998; 21 995-1003
- 32 Sohn S K, Bensinger W, Holmberg L. et al . High dose therapy with allogeneic stem cell transplantation for relapsed mantle cell lymphoma: the Seattle experience. Proc am Soc Clin Onc. 1998; 17 17a
- 33 Stein R S, Greer J P. et al . Intensified preparative regimens and allogeneic transplantation in refractory or relapsed intermediate and high grade non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2001; 41 343-352
- 34 Storb R, Yu C, Wagner J L. et al . Stable mixed hematopoietic chimerism in DLA-identical littermate dogs given sublethal total body irradiation before and pharmacological immunosuppression after marrow transplantation. Blood. 1997; 89 3049-3054
- 35 Van Besien W. et al . Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for refractory and recurrent low-grade lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 1995; 13 1096-102
- 36 Van Besien K, Sobocinski K A, Rowlings P. et al . Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for low-grade lymphoma. Blood. 1998; 92 1832-1836
- 37 Van Besien K W. et al . Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for poor-prognosis lymphoma. Am J Med. 1996; 100 299-307
- 38 Van Besien K, Sobocinski K A, Rowlings P A. et al . Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for low grade lymphoma. Blood. 1998; 92 1832-1836
- 39 Verdonck L F, Dekker A W, Lokhorst H M. et al . Allogeneic versus autologous bone marrow transplantation for refractory and recurrent low-grade non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma. Blood. 1997; 90 4201-4205
- 40 Verdonck L F. Allogeneic versus autologous bone marrow transplantation for refractory and recurrent low-grade non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma: updated results of the Utrecht experience. Leuk Lymph. 1999; 34 129-136
- 41 Wäsch R, Reisser S, Holler E. Rapid achievement of complete donor chimerism and low regimen-related toxicity after reduced conditioning with fludarabine, carmustine, melphalan and allogeneic transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000; 26 243-250
Korrespondenz
Dr. O. J. Stötzer
Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum der Universität
München Großhadern
Marchioninistraße 15
81377 München