Zusammenfassung
Die Diskrepanz zwischen den Möglichkeiten und der Realität der Schmerztherapie zu mindern, war das Ziel einer Intervention in einem Bremer Stadtteil. Unter Einbezug aller wichtigen Akteure wurde eine Intervention mit Maßnahmen und Aktionen auf mehreren Ebenen und für mehrere Zielgruppen über einen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren durchgeführt. Eine Befragung zeigte, dass die Intervention auf ein hohes Maß an Zustimmung bei den niedergelassenen Ärzte führte. Der Effekt der Intervention bestand in einer Verbesserung der Opioidverschreibung derjenigen Ärzte, welche bereits Opioide verschrieben hatten, wohingegen das Verhalten der Ärzte, die bis dahin keine Opioide verschrieben hatten, keine messbare Veränderung erfuhr.
In einem zweiten Schritt wird die durchgeführte Intervention auf die Gründe und Grenzen ihrer Wirksamkeit untersucht. Dies wird abschließend mit dem derzeitigen Wissensstand über die Wege und Mechanismen der Diffusion neuer medizinischer Erkenntnisse in die Praxis abgeglichen; es werden die Elemente Erfolg versprechender Veränderungsstrategien im Gesundheitswesen benannt.
Abstract
The purpose of an intervention in a city district of Bremen was to reduce the discrepancy between the possibilities and realities of pain therapy. All the important participants were included in measures and actions on several levels and for several target groups for a period of two years. An inquiry revealed a high degree of consent among the medical practitioners. The effect of the intervention was an improvement in the prescription of opioids by those physicians who had already been prescribing them, whereas there was no noticeable change in the behaviour of physicians who had not been prescribing opioids to date.
In a second step the intervention was examined for reasons and limitations of its efficacy. In conclusion, this is brought in line with the present state of knowledge on the ways and mechanisms by which new medical advances come to the attention of medical practice. The elements of promising strategies to effect positive changes in health services are pinpointed.
Schlüsselwörter
Schmerztherapie - Qualitätssicherung - Qualitätsentwicklung - Veränderungsstrategien
Key words
Pain Therapy - Quality Assurance - Quality Development - Strategies to Effect Changes
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1 Eine aus der Herz-Kreislauf-Präventionsstudie hervorgegangene Einrichtung zur Förderung und Unterstützung der Selbsthilfe.
2 Hilfe für medikamentenabhängige Schmerzkranke e. V., Selbsthilfegruppe brustoperierter Frauen.
Prof. Dr. med. David Klemperer
Fachhochschule Regensburg, Fachbereich Sozialwesen
Seybothstraße 2
93053 Regensburg
Email: david.klemperer@soz.fh-regensburg.de