Zusammenfassung
Der Ultraschall des Abdomens ist bei akuten Bauchschmerzen eine
Untersuchungsmethode der ersten Wahl. Ohne Strahlenbelastung, einfach
durchführbar, nicht kostenintensiv und realisierbar am Patientenbett hat
er außerdem den Vorteil, durch den direkten Patientenkontakt gezielt die
schmerzhafte Region zu untersuchen. Die diagnostischen und therapeutischen
Möglichkeiten des Ultraschalls sind groß. Es gibt jedoch auch
Grenzen der Anwendbarkeit, deren Kenntnis von Bedeutung ist, um Fehldiagnosen
zu vermeiden und sich nicht in falscher Sicherheit zu wähnen. Das Ziel
dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist das Vorstellen und die Diskussion der
echographischen Untersuchung bei akuten nichttraumatischen Abdomenschmerzen mit
Ursachen im Zusammenhang mit Magen-Darmerkrankungen.
Abstract
Amongst all imaging procedures available for the exploration of an
acute non traumatic abdomen, ultrasound comprises the first line technology.
Non ionising, easily accessible, cheap and usable at the bedside, this imaging
technique also has the advantage of close contact with the patient, which may
help to focus the exploration on painful regions. Moreover, ultrasound has not
only diagnostic capabilities, but also therapeutic ones. Nevertheless,
sonography has limitations, which have to be known in order to avoid
misdiagnosis or inadequate reassurance. The aim of this review is to present
and discuss the most recent opinions about ultrasound diagnosis of acute
non-traumatic abdomen related to digestive system diseases.
Schlüsselwörter
Akutes Abdomen - Bauchschmerzen - Magen-Darmerkrankungen - Notfall - Ultraschall
Key words
Abdomen, Acute - Abdominal Pain - Emergencies - Digestive System Diseases - Ultrasonography
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