Zusammenfassung
Die aktuellen Mehrschicht-Spiral-CT (MS-CT) Systeme erlauben die simultane Akquisition
von mehreren Schichten pro Röhrenrotation. Im Zusammenhang mit den schnellen 360°
Röhrenrotationszeiten kann die Abbildung der abdominellen Organe in höherer örtlicher
und zeitlicher Auflösung erfolgen. Bei der Leberdiagnostik ist es jetzt mit optimierten
Schichtdicke von 2 - 3 mm möglich, das gesamte Organ während einer Perfusionsphase
innerhalb von 10 Sekunden zu untersuchen. Daraus resultiert eine verbesserte Detektion
und Charakterisierung von fokalen Leberläsionen. Gleichzeitig können qualitativ hochwertige
multiplanare Rekonstruktionen des arteriellen und portalvenösen Gefäßsystems angefertigt
werden. Die weitere Etablierung von simultan akquirierten Perfusionsparametern kann
möglicherweise in Zukunft einen hohen Stellenwert zur genaueren Charakterisierung
von fokalen Leberläsionen gewinnen. Auch die Diagnostik des Pankreas profitiert von
der MS-CT, insbesondere bei der Detektion kleinerer Pankreastumoren sowie der Beurteilung
der Resektabilität eines Pankreaskarzinoms. Durch die nahezu isotropen Voxel können
sämtliche abdominelle Strukturen auch in koronarer Ansicht ohne Qualitätsverlust dargestellt
werden. Dieses erweist sich z. B. in der präoperativen Diagnostik von Nierentumoren
als vorteilhaft. Die multiplanaren Darstellungsformen haben eine entscheidene Bedeutung
für die abdominelle CT-Angiographie. Neben den akuten Erkrankungen der abdominellen
Aorta erweist sich dieses insbesondere bei den Viszeralgefäßen als vorteilhaft, da
auch lange Strecken in z-Richtung in hoher räumlicher Auflösung dargestellt werden
können.
Abstract
Multislice CT systems allow the simultaneous acquisition of multiple slices per gantry
rotation. In combination with faster gantry rotation times of 0.5 seconds, the abdominal
structures can be displayed in higher spatial and temporal resolution. In MS-CT of
the liver it is possible to scan the entire organ with an optimal slice thickness
of 2 - 3 mm within a defined perfusion phase in less than 10 seconds. This results
in an improved detection and characterization of focal liver lesions. A high-quality,
3-dimensional reconstruction of the hepatic arterial and portalvenous system is obtained
with the same data set. The diagnostic use of the simultaneously acquired perfusion
data will lead to a better characterization of focal liver lesions in the future.
The diagnostics of the pancreas also profits from MS-CT, especially for the detection
of small tumors and the evaluation of resectability of a pancreatic carcinoma. All
abdominal structures can be displayed in a coronal view without loss of image quality
because of the almost isotropic voxels obtained. This proves to be beneficial for
the preoperative diagnostics of renal cell carcinomas, especially if the tumor extension
into adjacent organs (e. g., liver or spleen) in the longitudinal direction has to
be evaluated. The multiplanar display and the sophisticated 3-dimensional
reconstruction tools have a substantial value for the abdominal CT angiography. It
proves to have a major diagnostic impact on acute abdominal aortic and visceral arterial
diseases because even large distances in the z-direction can be covered with high
spatial resolution.
Schlüsselwörter
Computertomographie - Leber - Pankreas - Niere - abdominelle Aorta
Key words
Computed tomography - Liver - Pancreas - Kidneys - Abdominal aorta
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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Lars Kopka
Institut für Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Charite - Campus Mitte -
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Schumannstr. 20/21
10117 Berlin
Phone: (030) 450-527031
Email: lars.kopka@charite.de