Zusammenfassung
Die Durchführung eines Screeningprogrammes bei Verwandten ersten Grades von Patienten mit Subarachnoidalblutung unter Zuhilfenahme der Kernspinangiographie erscheint derzeit nicht gerechtfertigt, da die zu erwartende Zunahme der Lebenserwartung das Risiko postoperativer Folgen nicht aufwiegt. Allerdings scheint es Ausnahmen von dieser allgemeinen Regel zu geben. Wir stellen eine Familie mit autosomal dominanter polyzystischer Nierenerkrankung vor. Zwei der vier Geschwister erlitten eine Subarachnoidalblutung aus einem intrakraniellen Aneurysma. Intrakranielle Aneurysmen sind als extrarenale Manifestationen der autosomal dominanten polyzystischen Nierenerkrankung akzeptiert, die Frequenz ihres Auftretens ist aber unklar und wird mit bis zu 41 % angegeben. Aufgrund dieser hohen Assoziation sollten Patienten mit Subarachnoidalblutungen aus intrakraniellen Aneurysmen mittels einer Abdomensonographie zum Ausschluss einer polyzystischen Nierenerkrankung untersucht werden. Im Falle einer solchen Assoziation sollte auch den Verwandten ersten Grades zu einer Abdomensonographie und im positiven Fall zu einer Kernspinangiographie der intrakraniellen Gefäße geraten werden.
Abstract
The implementation of a screening program for first degree relatives of patients with sporadic subarachnoid hemorrhage by means of magnetic resonance angiography does not seem to be warranted, since the resulting increase in life expectancy does not offset the risk of postoperative sequelae. Some exceptions, however, should be considered. We present a family suffering from autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Two of the four siblings had a subarachnoid hemorrhage from an aneurysm of a cerebral artery. Although intracranial aneurysms are accepted as extrarenal manifestations of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, the exact frequency of the association is unknown. Nevertheless, the maximum rate of coincidence dealt with in the literature is 41 percent. Because of this high association every patient suffering from a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to an intracranial aneurysm should be screened by an abdominal ultrasound. In case of an association first degree relatives should be examined for a polycystic kidney disease and in the case of a positive result a magnetic resonance angiography of the intracranial vessels should be performed.
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Dr. M. Jöbges
Neurologisches Rehabilitationszentrum Leipzig · Universität Leipzig
Muldentalweg 1
04828 Bennewitz bei Leipzig
Email: joebges@sachsenklinik.de