Zusammenfassung
Polyneuropathien sind bei sportärztlichen Untersuchungen von Bedeutung, da durch Aufklärung Verletzungen infolge Paresen, sensibler Ataxie und verminderten Schutzreflexen vermieden werden müssen. Bei Ausdauersportarten sind Thermoregulationsstörungen zu berücksichtigen. Bei autonomen Störungen muss vor dem Hintergrund vorbestehender kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen Trainingsintensität und -zeit angepasst werden. Individuelle Verhaltensregeln wie die genaue Auswahl von Sportschuhen und Pflegemaßnahmen sind erforderlich. Weiterhin kann körperliche Aktivität zum Erhalt und zur Verbesserung von beeinträchtigten Funktionen gezielt genutzt werden. Die Befragung und Untersuchung hinsichtlich Polyneuropathien sollte in die sportärztliche Untersuchung integriert werden.
Abstract
Polyneuropathies are of importance in sports medicine, since injuries due to muscle weakness, sensory ataxia and decreased protective reflexes may be prevented. Thermoregulatory dysfunction must also be considered with physical activity. Preexisting autonomic cardiovascular disease may affect exercise capacity. Preventive measures are necessary such as appropriate sports shoes and care provisions. Further, physical activity can be used specifically to improve impaired functions. Concerning physical activity, interviewing and physical examination regarding polyneuropathies should be integrated in medical education in sports medicine.
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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Dieter Heuss
Neurologische Klinik mit Poliklinik der Universität Erlangen
Schwabachanlage 6
91054 Erlangen
Email: dieter.heuss@neuro.med.uni-erlangen.de
