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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-34095
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen zur Primärbehandlung von Mammakarzinomen
Der Konsens der AGO-Organkommission „Mamma”Evidence-Based Recommendations on Primary Treatment of Carcinomas of the Breast Consensus of the AGO Organ Commission “Mamma”Publication History
Publication Date:
16 September 2002 (online)
Zielsetzung
Die Organkommission „Mamma” der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO) hat sich die Erarbeitung von Empfehlungen zur Therapie von Mammakarzinomen zur Aufgabe gemacht. Zielsetzung war die Definition des aktuellen evidenzbasierten Wissensstandes zur Primärtherapie dieser Erkrankung. Zu aktuellen Aspekten wurden Kernaussagen formuliert und nach zweierlei Gesichtspunkten bewertet:
Festlegung des Evidenzniveaus (Level of Evidence, LOE) nach Sichtung der aktuellen Literatur und Bewertung der verfügbaren Datenqualität. Festlegung des Empfehlungsgrades entsprechend der Konsistenz der Ergebnisse verschiedener Untersuchungen und des klinischen Stellenwertes.
Die Definition des Evidenzniveaus basiert auf den aktuellen Empfehlungen der American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) [1], die Empfehlungsgrade auf den modifizierten Empfehlungen der Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care [2] (Tab. [1]). Für die Anwendung von Tumormarkern zur Prognose und Prädiktion von Therapieeffekten wurde die Einteilung von Hayes [3] angewandt (Tab. [2]).
Tab. 1 Evidenzniveaus (Level of Evidence, LOE) 1 und Empfehlungsgrade 2 zur Bewertung von Therapieempfehlungen Niveau(LOE) Vorraussetzungen für die Evidenz I Meta-Analyse von multiplen, gut geplanten, kontrollierten Studien. Eine randomisierte Studie mit niedrigem falsch positiven und niedrigem falsch negativen Fehler (hohe Power) II mindestens eine gut geplante, kontrollierte experimentelle Studie oder randomisierte Studien mit hohem falsch positiven und/oder hohem falsch negativen Fehler (niedrige Power) III gut geplante, nicht randomisierte, kontrollierte Einzelgruppen, prä-post-Kohorten, Zeit- oder Fall-Kontrollstudien IV gut geplante, vergleichende oder korrelierende, deskriptive oder Fallstudien V Fallberichte und klinische Beispiele Grad Vorraussetzung für die Empfehlung A Hohe Evidenz die Empfehlung zu unterstützen, dass eine Intervention/Behandlung in einer spezifischen Situation regelmäßig eingesetzt werden sollte. B Mäßiggradige Evidenz die Empfehlung zu unterstützen, dass eine Intervention/Behandlung in einer spezifischen Situation regelmäßig eingesetzt werden sollte. C Unzureichende Evidenz, eine Intervention/Behandlung für eine spezifische Situation zu empfehlen oder von ihr abzuraten. Empfehlung aus anderen Gründen. D Mäßiggradige Evidenz die Empfehlung zu unterstützen, dass eine Intervention/Behandlung in einer spezifischen Situation unterlassen werden sollte. E Hohe Evidenz die Empfehlung zu unterstützen, dass eine Intervention/Behandlung in einer spezifischen Situation unterlassen werden sollte.
Tab. 2 Evidenzniveaus (Level of Evidence, LOE) und Bewertung der Einsatzmöglichkeit („Utility score”, US) zur Bewertung von prognostischen und prädiktiven Tumormarkern 3 I Einzelne prospektive Studie - Marker primäres Studienziel - mit hoher Fallzahl (mit therapeutischer Implikation) oder Metaanalyse II Prospektive Studie, Marker sekundäres Studienziel III große retrospektive Studien IV kleine retrospektive Studie, „matched pair”-Analyse, etc. V kleine Pilotstudien, Korrelation mit anderen bekannten Markern Score Einsatzmöglichkeit 0 Daten zeigen keinen Nutzen +/- Daten lassen einen Nutzen vermuten - routinemäßiger Einsatz des Marker nicht empfohlen + Daten zeigen eine Nutzen - aber: hohe Korrelation mit bekannten Markern, keine klinische Konsequenz oder niedriges Evidenz-niveau - routinemäßiger Einsatz des Markers nicht empfohlen ++ Marker hat in ausgewählten Situationen einen klinischen Nutzen +++ Marker kann als alleiniges Kriterium für eine klinische Entscheidung benutzt werden
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Priv. Doz. Dr. med. G. von MinckwitzSprecher der Organkommission „Mamma”
Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt
Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe
Theodor-Stern-Kai 7
60590 Frankfurt
Phone: 0 69/63 01 70 24
Fax: 0 69/63 01 79 38
Email: minckwitz@em.uni-frankfurt.de