Zusammenfassung
In den letzten 10 Jahren wurden an der Chirurgischen Universitätsklinik Rijeka 107
Patienten wegen eines Karzinoms des Ösophagus oder der Kardia operiert. Bei 29 Patienten,
24 Männer (82,8 %) 5 Frauen (17,2 %), wurde der Ösophagus transhiatal reseziert und
der Magen als Ersatzorgan mit der zervikalen Speiseröhre (28 Patienten) bzw. dem Pharynx
(1 Patient) anastomosiert. Das Durchschnittsalter der Patienten betrug 60,7 Jahre.
Histopathologisch handelte es sich bei 26 Tumoren um Plattenepithelkarzinome (89,7
%) und bei 3 Tumoren um Adenokarzinome (10,3 %). Nach UICC-Stadieneinteilung lag bei
15 Patienten (51,7 %) ein Stadium II a und bei 14 Patienten (48,3 %) ein Stadium III
vor. Zwei Karzinome waren im zervikalen Abschnitt des Ösophagus, 13 Karzinome im mittleren
thorakalen und 14 Karzinome im unteren Ösophagusdrittel lokalisiert. Postoperativ
verstarben 6 Patienten (20,7 %), hauptsächlich an pulmonaler Insuffizienz. Pulmonale
Komplikationen traten bei 14 Patienten (48,3) auf. Eine klinisch manifeste Anastomoseninsuffizienz
wurde bei einem Patienten beobachtet, bei 2 weiteren Patienten konnte nur radiologisch
eine Anastomoseninsuffizienz nachgewiesen werden. Anastomosenstenosen mussten bei
5 Patienten (17,2 %) endoskopisch dilatiert werden. Die mediane Überlebenszeit betrug
im gesamten Patientenkollektiv 21 Monate. Während die 1-Jahres-Überlebensrate bei
65,5 % lag, lebten nach 2 bzw. 3 Jahren lediglich noch 37,9 bzw. 17,2 % der Patienten.
Patienten mit einem Lebensalter unter 65 Jahren und einem niedrigeren UICC Stadium
wiesen die höchsten Überlebensraten auf (p < 0,05).
Abstract
During the past 10 years, at University Surgical Clinic Rijeka, 107 patients underwent
operation for carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia. Transhiatal esophagectomy was
performed in 29 patients; in 28 of them an esophagogastrostomy was performed, and
in one patient a pharingogastrostomy. Of the 29 patients, there were 24 men (82.8
%) and 5 women (17.2 %), with an average age of 60.7 years. Histologically, 26 lesions
(89.7 %) were squamous cell carcinomas, and 3 (10.3 %) were adenocarcinomas. According
to the prognostic stage as defined by the UICC, 15 patients (51.7 %) were stage II
A, and 14 (48.3 %) stage III. The lesion was located in the cervical esophagus in
two, the thoracic esophagus in thirteen and the lower esophagus in fourteen patients.
Six patients died, for a hospital mortality rate of 20.7 %; the most common cause
of death was respiratory failure. Pulmonary complications occurred in 14 patients
(48.3 %). Anastomotic leak with all clinical manifestations occurred in one patient,
while in two patients the radiological diagnosis of anastomotic leakage was made without
clinical manifestations. Five patients (17.2 %) developed anastomotic stenosis, which
was satisfactory treated by endoscopic dilatation. Mean survival after surgery was
21 months. One-year survival was 65.5 %, two and three-year survival was 37.9 and
17.2 % respectively. Younger patients and patients with lower stage of disease survived
significantly longer (p < 0.05).
Schlüsselwörter
Oesophaguskarzinom - Oesophagektomie - Komplikationen - Überleben
Key words
Esophagus carcinoma - esophagectomy - complications - survival
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Prof. Dr. A. Depolo
University Medical School
Department of Digestive Surgery
Clinical Hospital Center
Kresimirova 42
HR-51000 Rijeka
Email: arsen.depolo@ri.tel.hr