Zusammenfassung
Dargestellt werden Probleme der praktischen Durchführung randomisierter kontrollierter
Studien auf dem Gebiet der psychiatrischen Versorgungsforschung. Dies erfolgt beispielhaft
anhand von Erfahrungen, die mit der Implementation dieses forschungsmethodischen Vorgehens
in einem internationalen multizentrischen Projekt zur Evaluation (akut)psychiatrischer
tagesklinischer Behandlung (Acronym: EDEN-Studie) gewonnen wurden. Dabei folgt die
Erörterung einzelner Probleme dem chronologischen Ablauf einer Studiendurchführung:
1. Probleme, die vor dem Studienbeginn gelöst sein sollten: Definition der patientenbezogenen
Kriterien für die Studienteilnahme, Information der klinisch in den Studienzentren
tätigen Kollegen. 2. Probleme, die sich auf den Randomisierungsprozess selbst beziehen:
Professionelle Qualifikation der hierfür Verantwortlichen; genaue Festlegung des Randomisierungszeitpunktes;
Beurteilung der Einwilligungsfähigkeit von Patienten; Vorgehen bei Patienten, die
eine Randomisierung ablehnen; Nicht-Verfügbarkeit von Behandlungsplätzen in dem randomisiert
zugewiesenen Setting. 3. Probleme, die nach der Randomisierung auftreten können: Früher
Behandlungsabbruch, Transfer zwischen den Behandlungssettings. Abschließend werden
die argumentativen Positionen zusammengefasst, mittels derer Kritik an randomisierten
kontrollierten Studien geübt wird. Dabei werden der generelle Stellenwert sowie Qualitätsanforderungen
für die Durchführung im Bereich psychiatrischer Versorgungsforschung verdeutlicht.
Abstract
This article outlines problems of implementation and clinical practice of randomised
controlled trials in mental health services. Furthermore, it offers practical solutions
taking into account the experiences with a randomisation process in a multi-site EC-funded
(EDEN-) study on the evaluation of acute treatment in psychiatric day hospitals. Identification
of the problems follows the time-course of a research project: 1. Problems to be solved
prior to the study's commencement: Definition of the eligibility criteria, information
of clinically working colleagues. 2. Problems referring to the process of randomisation:
Influence of clinical experience of the research fellows, precise time-point of implementing
the randomisation into the process of admission, assessment of the patient's ability
to give informed consent, patient's refusal of randomisation but agreement to study
participation, availability of treatment places. 3. Problems which might occur after
randomisation: Early break-off of treatment, transfer from one treatment setting to
another. General conclusion: Detailed definitions of the randomisation procedure do
not guarantee high performance quality and randomisation rates. Continuous precise
assessment of the implementation into the clinical routines of every study centre,
adaptation according to specific conditions and personal discussions with all participants
are obligatory to establish and maintain a high quality of this important research
procedure.
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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. habil. T. W. Kallert
Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie · Universitätsklinikum Carl
Gustav Carus · Technische Universität Dresden
Fetscherstraße 74
01307 Dresden
Email: Thomas.Kallert@mailbox.tu-dresden.de