Das Auftreten von morbider Adipositas beträgt in Europa etwa 1 % der Bevölkerung eines Landes. Derzeit ist die einzig effektive Langzeitbehandlungsmöglichkeit der krankhaften Übergewichtigkeit der chirurgische Eingriff. Der Magenbypass ist diesbezüglich die am häufigsten durchgeführte Operationsmethode in den USA und gewinnt auch in Europa zunehmend an Bedeutung. Die Entwicklung, das Grundprinzip und derzeitige Technik der Operation werden aufgezeigt. Die Wirkungsweise, Komplikationen, chirurgische Alternativen, Risiken, Resultate und Ergebnisse werden diskutiert. Bariatrische Eingriffe und Techniken sind in den letzten Jahren verfeinert worden und haben zu einer Risikoverminderung und Ergebnisverbesserung geführt. Langzeiterfolge in Bezug auf Gewichtsreduktion und Rückgang von Komorbiditätserkrankungen werden erzielt. Die Magenbypass-Operation ist ein sicherer und effektiver Eingriff in der Behandlung der morbiden Adipositas.
Abstract
In Europe, the incidence of morbid obesity amounts approximately 1 % of a nation's population. At the time being, a surgical procedure represents the only effective long- term therapy of morbid obesity. In this regard, the gastric bypass is the most common surgical method in the USA, also gaining relevancy in Europe. The development, the basic principle and the actual operation technique are shown. The mode of functioning, complications, surgical alternatives, risks, results and outcome are discussed. Over the past years, bariatric procedures and techniques have been improved, which resulted in a reduction of the risk and in an improvement of the results. Long- term success can be achieved regarding weight reduction and decrease of comorbidities. The gastric bypass is a safe and effective surgical procedure in the treatment of morbid obesity.
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