A solventless Suzuki coupling reaction has been developed which
utilizes a commercially available potassium fluoride alumina mixture
and palladium powder. The new reaction is convenient, environmentally
friendly, and generates good yields of the coupled products. Aryl
iodides react faster than the bromides or chlorides; aryl groups
are also more reactive than alkenyl groups, which react faster than
alkyl groups. The use of microwave irradiation accelerates the reaction,
decreasing reaction times from hours to minutes. The palladium powder
catalyst can be recycled using a simple filtration and washing sequence
without loss of catalytic activity.
Suzuki reactions - coupling - boron - alumina - green chemistry - microwave irradiation - substituent
effects