Synthesis, Table of Contents PAPER © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York Synthesis and Reactions of 1,2,3-Triazinium Salts Michael Mättner, Hans Neunhoeffer*Darmstadt University of Technology, Clemens Schöpf Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Petersenstr. 22, 64289 Darmstadt, GermanyFax: +49(6151)166016; e-Mail: di88@hrzpub.tu-darmstadt.de; Recommend Article Abstract Buy Article All articles of this category Abstract The synthesis of monosubstituted 1,2,3-triazinium salts 7-9 and their reactivity towards C-nucleophiles is described. The nucleophilic attack at 7-9 is regioselective at position 5, isolation of dihydroproducts was possible and an unusual ring contraction was observed. Key words 1,2,3-triazines - cations - nucleophilic additions - π-deficient heterocycles - regioselectivity Full Text References References 1a Chupakhin ON. Charushin VN. van der Plas HC. In Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Hydrogen Academic Press; San Diego: 1994. ; and references cited therein 1b Chupakhin ON. Charushin VN. van der Plas HC. Tetrahedron 1988, 44: 1 2 Charushin VN. Chupakhin ON. Sidorov EO. Beiles YI. Zh. Org. Khim. 1978, 14: 140 3a Rusinov VL. Zyryanov GV. Pilicheva TL. Chupakhin ON. Neunhoeffer H. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1997, 34: 1013 3b Kojevnikov DN. Ulomsky EN. Rusinov VL. Chupakhin ON. Neunhoeffer H. Mendeleev Commun. 1997, 116 3c Chupakhin ON. Rusinov VL. Ulomsky EN. Kojevnikov DN. Neunhoeffer H. Mendeleev Commun. 1997, 66 4 Stupnikova TV. Petrenko VV. Khim. Geterotskil. Soedin. 1984, 1383 5 Pozharskii AF. Gulevskaya AV. Chem. Heterocycl. Cmpds. 2001, 37: 1480 ; and references cited therein For a review on 1,2,3-triazines see: 6a Ohsawa A. Itoh T. In Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry II Boulton AJ. Elsevier; Oxford: 1996. p.483-505 6b Ohsawa A. Itoh T. In Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry II Boulton AJ. Elsevier; Oxford: 1996. p.1177-1307 7a Okatani T. Koyama J. Tagahara K. Heterocycles 1989, 29(9): 1809 7b Neunhoeffer H. Bopp R. Diehl W. Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1993, 367 8 Neunhoeffer H. Clausen M. Vötter H.-D. Ohl H. Krüger C. Angermund K. Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1985, 9: 1732 9 Ohsawa A. Arai H. Ohnishi H. Kaihoh T. Itoh T. Yamaguchi K. Igeta H. Iitaka Y. Yakugaku Zasshi 1985, 105: 1122 10 Ohsawa A. Itoh T. Hasegawa H. Nagata K. Okada M. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin. Trans. I 1996, 20: 2511 11 Meerwein H. Angew. Chem. 1970, 72: 927 12 Ab initio calculations done with Gaussian 94 [12] with standard basic set 6-311G*, geometries were optimized on HF/6-31G* level and characterized as minima by vibrational frequency analysis (number of imaginary frequencies = zero for minima). These provided the zero-point vibrational energies (ZPEs) which were scaled for the calculation of relative energies by an empirical factor of 0.89. [13] 13 Frisch MJ. Trucks GW. Schlegel HB. Gill PMW. Johnson BG. Robb JR. Cheeseman JR. Keith T. Peterson GA. Montgomery JA. Ragharachari K. Al-Laham MA. Zakrzewski VG. Ortiz JV. Foresman JB. Cioslowski J. Stefanov BB. Nanayakkara A. Challacombe M. Peng CY. Ayala PJ. Chen W. Wang MW. Andres JL. Replogle ES. Gomperts R. Martin RL. Fox DJ. Binkley JS. Defrees DJ. Baker J. Stewart JP. Head-Gordon M. Gonzalez C. Pople JA. Gaussian 94 Rev. D.4 Gaussian Inc.; Pittsburgh PA: 1995. 14a Pople JA. Schlegel HB. Krishnan R. DeFrees D. Binkley JS. Frisch MJ. Whiteside RF. Hout RF. Hehre WJ. Int. J. Quantum Chem. Quantum Chem. Symp 1981, 15: 269 14b Foresman JB. Frisch MJ. In Exploring Chemistry with Electronic Structures Methods: A Guide to Using Gaussian Gaussian Inc.; Pittsburgh: 1993. 15 Energies for N-2 ethylated and N-2 protonated 1,2,3-triazines 7 and 8 were defined as 0 kJmol-1 16 Varvoglis A. In The Organic Chemistry of Polycoordinated Iodine VCH Publishers Inc.; New York: 1992. 17a Moriarty RM. Vaid RK. Synthesis 1990, 431 17b Varvoglis A. Synthesis 1984, 709 17c Jacobsen SA. Rodbotten S. Benneche T. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans.1 1999, 22: 3265 18 Kang S.-K. Lee S.-H. Lee D. Synlett 2000, 1022 19 Neßlers reagent for ammonium salts from Merck VWR International Inc. Darmstadt, see: Burns EA. Streuli CA. Averell PR. In The Analytical Chemistry of Nitrogen and its Compounds Wiley-Intersience; New York: 1970. 20a Itoh T. Okada M. Nagata K. Yamaguchi K. Ohsawa A. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1990, 38: 2108 20b Itoh T. Nagata K. Kaihoh T. Okada M. Kawabata C. Arai H. Ohnishi H. Yamaguchi K. Igeta H. Ohsawa A. Iitaka Y. Heterocycles 1992, 33: 631 21 Ohsawa A. Itoh T. Nagata K. Okada M. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1992, 40: 2283