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Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2003; 5(4): 366-377
DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-42716
Original Paper

Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

The Effect of Elevated UV Radiation on Fucus spp. (Fucales, Phaeophyta) Zygote and Embryo Development

M. E. A. Schoenwaelder 1 , C. Wiencke 1 , M. N. Clayton 2 , K. W. Glombitza 3
  • 1Foundation Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
  • 2School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
  • 3Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, Bonn, Germany
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
02 October 2003 (online)

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Abstract

This study has shown that in Fucus serratus and Fucus distichus, young zygotes and embryos are highly susceptible to elevated levels of both UVA (UVAR) and UVB radiation (UVBR). Zygotes treated with UVAR are able to polarise and germinate, but are very slow to divide; if they do, they often have skewed division planes or deformed rhizoids. Those treated with UVAR and UVBR remain spherical, they do not polarise, germinate to form rhizoids or undergo cell division. We suggest that the UVR may be affecting the cytoskeleton. Conversely, zygotes and embryos of Fucus spiralis are able to withstand these same UVR levels and, at the light microscope level, appear to develop normally. When the brown algal phenolic compound phloroglucinol was placed in a filter covering the developing embryos, normal development was seen under all treatments. Phenolic compounds protect the developing fucoids from UVR. In comparison with the other two species, Fucus spiralis grows high up on the shore and is exposed for much longer periods of time and, presumably, to higher levels of natural UVR. The failure of the juvenile stages of F. serratus and F. distichus to withstand UVR stress may have implications for the continued survival of these species in the intertidal, and may prove detrimental to the population as a whole if UVR levels increase.

Key words

Development - embryo - Fucus - germination - phenolics - UVR - zygote.

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M. Schoenwaelder

Foundation Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research

Am Handelshafen 12

27570 Bremerhaven

Germany

Email: moschoenwaelder@awi-bremerhaven.demonicaeas@yahoo.co.uk

Section Editor: G. Thiel