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DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-44883
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Rekonstruktion ausgedehnter Weichteilverluste durch Transplantation autologer dermaler und epidermaler Äquivalente
Reconstruction of Extensive Soft Tissue Loss by Transplantation of Dermal and Epidermal EquivalentsPublication History
Publication Date:
10 March 2004 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung: Die Möglichkeiten einer zeitversetzten autologen dermoepidermalen Transplantationsstrategie als Ausgangspunkt für eine nicht invasive Rekonstruktion von ausgedehnten, akuten Weichteildefekten unterschiedlicher Genese sollen demonstriert und kritisch diskutiert werden.
Methoden: Nach Indikationsstellung wird bei Patienten eine Hautbiopsie zur Zellkultivierung entnommen. Die auf einer dreidimensionalen, biokompatiblen, aus Hyaluronsäureester bestehenden Matrix gezüchteten autologen Fibroblasten werden als „Neo-Dermis” auf die konditionierten Weichteildefekte übertragen. Nach Inkorporation der dermalen Substitute findet die Transplantation der subkonfluenten, hoch proliferativen autologen Keratinozyten auf einem Trägersystem, bestehend aus einer laserperforierten Hyaluronsäureestermembran, statt. Zehn Tage danach wird eine autologe, 0,2 mm dünne Mesh-graft-Transplantation (1 : 6) als definitve biomechanisch stabile Defektdeckung durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse: Die Übertragung von in vitro kultivierten autologen Fibroblasten resultiert in einem gut vaskularisierten dermalen Gewebsersatz. Nach Keratinozytentransfer ist eine Epithelialisierung nachweisbar. Ein definitiver, ästhetisch ansprechender Wundverschluss mit normoelastischen Gewebseigenschaften wird nach dünner Mesh-graft-Transplantation erreicht.
Schlussfolgerungen: Vorlä ufige Ergebnisse mit beschriebener Methode erscheinen viel versprechend. Klinischer Verlauf sowie histologische und immunhistochemische Resultate nach Behandlung von fünf ausgedehnten Weichteildefekten werden diskutiert. Wie in allen Bereichen des „tissue engineering” sind klinische Langzeitstudien sowie Kosten-Nutzen-Analysen erforderlich.
Abstract
Aim: The opportunities of autologous dermal and epidermal grafting as starting point for non-invasive reconstruction of extensive soft tissue defects will be demonstrated and discussed.
Methods: Skin biopsies for cell cultivation were taken from patients with extensive acute soft tissue defects of different origin. Cultured autologous fibroblasts grown on threedimensional biocompatible scaffolds made up of benzylester of hyaluronan were transplanted as “neo-dermis” on debrided and conditioned wound sites. After incorporation of the dermal equivalents grafting of subconfluent proliferative keratinocytes on hyaluronan based laserperforated membranes was performed. Ten days later a 0.2 mm thin, 1 : 6 meshed autograft to create definite biomechanical stability was overlaid.
Results: Grafting of in vitro cultured autologous fibroblasts revealed a good vascularized dermal tissue substitute. After keratinocyte-transfer formation of thin epithelium was visible. Final closure of the defects with aesthetic and normo-elastic tissue properties was achieved after thin mesh-grafting.
Conclusions: Preliminary results seem to be very promising. Clinical follow-up as well as histological and immunohistochemical outcome in the treatment of five extensive soft-tissue defects are discussed. As in all fields of tissue engineering, long-tem studies and cost-benefit analyses are required.
Schlüsselwörter
Weichteilrekonstruktion - Hyaluronsäure - Hautersatz
Key words
Soft-tissue reconstruction - hyaluronan - skin substitutes
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PD Dr. med. D. A. HollanderOberarzt der Unfallchirurgischen Klinik
Universitätsklinikum der RWTH Aachen
Pauwelsstraße 30
52074 Aachen
Phone: 02 41/8 08 93 50
Fax: 02 41/8 88 84 89
Email: dhollander@ukaachen.de